Elderly Patients with Moderate Chronic Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Alone or Concomitant Mitral Annuloplasty?

Table 1

Baseline and procedure characteristics.

	Unmatched population			Matched population
	MAP group	CABG group		MAP group	CABG group
	(n = 96)	(n = 104)		(n = 82)	(n = 82)
Demographics
Age (years)	73.5 ± 2.2	74.4 ± 2.6	0.009	73.8 ± 2.2	74.2 ± 2.5	0.278
Gender (female)	16 (16.7%)	23 (22.1%)	0.331	14 (17.1%)	17 (20.7%)	0.720
Obesity	12 (12.5%)	15 (14.4%)	0.691	10 (12.2%)	12 (14.6%)	0.832
Smoking history	38 (39.6%)	39 (37.5%)	0.762	33 (40.2%)	32 (39.0%)	0.873
Concomitant diseases
Hypertension	64 (66.7%)	65 (62.5%)	0.538	54 (65.9%)	52 (63.4%)	0.923
Diabetes mellitus	35 (36.5%)	43 (41.3%)	0.479	31 (37.8%)	34 (41.5%)	0.804
Hyperlipidemia	23 (24.0%)	29 (27.9%)	0.527	20 (24.4%)	23 (28.0%)	0.761
COPD	11 (11.5%)	14 (13.5%)	0.757	10 (12.2%)	11 (13.4%)	0.815
Prior CVA	8 (8.3%)	12 (11.5%)	0.450	7 (8.5%)	9 (11.0%)	0.804
CKD	9 (9.4%)	12 (11.5%)	0.618	8 (9.8%)	9 (11.0%)	0.798
Preoperative cardiac status
Previous PCI	22 (22.9%)	28 (26.9%)	0.513	19 (23.2%)	21 (25.6%)	0.875
Recent MI	43 (44.8%)	37 (35.6%)	0.184	38 (46.3%)	32 (39.0%)	0.550
NYHA III-IV	27 (28.1%)	21 (20.2%)	0.189	23 (28.0%)	18 (22.0%)	0.533
LVEF	0.43 ± 0.14	0.47 ± 0.13	0.037	0.44 ± 0.15	0.46 ± 0.14	0.379
LVEDD (mm)	59.2 ± 6.6	56.8 ± 6.0	0.008	58.7 ± 6.5	57.9 ± 6.1	0.418
ERO (mm^2)	17 (13–18)	15 (11–17)	0.016	17 (13–18)	16 (12–17)	0.158
Extent of CAD
2-vessel	14 (14.6%)	13 (12.5%)	0.667	10 (12.2%)	9 (11.0%)	0.807
3-vessel	82 (85.4%)	91 (87.5%)		72 (87.8%)	73 (89.0%)
LM	30 (31.3%)	32 (30.8%)	0.941	26 (31.7%)	27 (32.9%)	0.867
Surgical data
On-pump	96 (100%)	0		80 (100%)	0
CPB time (min)	95.9 ± 21.4	0		96.0 ± 21.4	0
ACC time (min)	78.5 ± 13.7	0		79.5 ± 13.8	0
Number of grafts	3 (3, 3)	3 (3, 3)	0.531	3 (3, 3)	3 (3, 3)	0.724
Use of left IMA	95 (99.0%)	103 (99.0%)	0.955	81 (98.8%)	82 (100%)	0.316
Use of right IMA	0	5 (4.8%)	0.030	0	3 (3.7%)	0.080
Use of vein graft	94 (97.9%)	100 (96.2%)	0.465	81 (98.8%)	80 (97.6%)	0.560
Use of RA	3 (3.1%)	5 (4.8%)	0.723	3 (3.7%)	4 (4.9%)	1.000

MAP group, patients undergoing combined CABG and mitral annuloplasty; CABG group, patients undergoing off-pump CABG alone. BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; CKD, chronic kidney disease; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; MI, myocardial infarction; AF, atrial fibrillation; NYHA, New York Heart Association; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVD, left ventricular dysfunction; LVEDD, left ventricular endodiastolic diameter; LV, left ventricle; ERO, effective regurgitant orifice area; CAD, coronary artery disease; LM, left main trunk disease; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; ACC, aortic cross-clamping; IMA, internal mammary artery; RA, radial artery. Definition: obesity: body mass index of more than 30 kg/m²; recent MI: evidence of myocardial infarction within the last 30 days before surgery.