Red Cell Distribution Width as a Novel Marker for Different Types of Atrial Fibrillation in Low and High Altitude

Table 1

Baseline characteristics in all subjects at low altitude (3.5 m).

	AF ()	Control ()	χ^2/T
Male (n %)	77.00 (49.40)	31.00 (43.10)	0.785	0.376
Age (years)	67.92 ± 10.80	66.26 ± 10.54	0.025	0.280
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	25.42 ± 3.93	25.26 ± 2.83	6.75	0.717
Smoking (n %)	22.00 (14.10)	5.00 (6.90)	2.418	0.120
Diabetes mellitus (n %)	31.00 (19.90)	10.00 (13.90)	1.196	0.274
Hypertension (n %)	97.00 (62.20)	48.00 (66.70)	0.428	0.513
Previous stroke (n %)	26.00 (16.70)	11.00 (15.30)	0.070	0.791
WBC (×10^9/L)	6.86 ± 1.85	6.68 ± 1.74	1.422	0.484
RBC (×10^12/L)	4.45 ± 0.55	4.52 ± 0.44	2.976	0.400
Hb (g/L)	139.37 ± 18.59	140.67 ± 15.98	1.008	0.610
RDW (%CV)	12.85 ± 0.78	12.59 ± 0.58	2.844	0.013
HCT (%)	41.26 ± 5.25	41.22 ± 4.48	2.26	0.954
MCV (fL)	92.81 ± 5.57	90.24 ± 9.69	0.019	0.012
MCHC (g/L)	337.67 ± 10.87	341.13 ± 8.90	2.972	0.019
Plt (×10^9/L)	219.06 ± 58.22	222.13 ± 46.30	1.581	0.695
MPV (fL)	9.48 ± 1.00	9.33 ± 0.99	0.116	0.283
Cr (μmol/L)	70.29 ± 27.62	66.29 ± 17.65	1.606	0.261
UA (mmol/L)	325.35 ± 95.49	336.63 ± 87.22	0.670	0.395
TBIL (μmol/L)	14.64 ± 6.16	12.30 ± 4.18	4.203	0.001
LAD (mm)	40.45 ± 7.54	33.78 ± 4.63	14.865	0.001
LVEDD (mm)	48.34 ± 6.33	47.13 ± 5.37	1.693	0.163
IVST (mm)	9.52 ± 2.32	9.06 ± 1.87	0.461	0.148
LVPWT (mm)	9.21 ± 1.90	9.06 ± 3.09	1.503	0.636
LVEF (%)	56.70 ± 9.64	60.76 ± 5.54	7.489	0.001
Aspirin (n %)	105.00 (67.30)	57.00 (79.20)	3.368	0.066
ACEIs or ARBs (n %)	49.00 (31.40)	19.00 (26.40)	0.593	0.441
β-blocker (n %)	67.00 (42.90)	28.00 (38.90)	0.334	0.563
CCBs (n %)	51.00 (32.70)	22.00 (30.60)	0.103	0.748
Statins (n %)	71.00 (45.50)	38.00 (52.80)	1.042	0.307

AF, atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; WBC, white blood cell; RBC, red blood cell; Hb, hemoglobin; RDW, red cell distribution width; HCT, hematocrit; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; Plt, platelet count; MPV, mean platelet volume; Cr, creatinine; UA, uric acid; TBIL, total bilirubin; LAD, left atrial diameter; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; IVST, interventricular septal thickness; LVPWT, left ventricular posterior wall thickness; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction.