Novel Molecular Targets Participating in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Cardioprotection

Table 1

The fresh mitochondria-targeted episodes underlying MIRI.

Model	Effector	Target	Activity in MIRI	Reference
Mouse	Rotenone, MitoSNO8	Complex I RET protein	Inhibit complex I RET to abolish ischemic succinate and dimethyl succinate-driven DHE oxidation	[26]
	Malonate	SDH	Inhibits SDH to block mitochondrial permeability transition	[27]
	Exscien1-III	mtDNA sequence	Increases mitochondrial antioxidant and apoptotic markers	[35]
	SIRT3	AMPK-drp1	Inhibits excessive mitochondrial fission and normalize AMPK-Drp1 pathways	[38]
	SIRT5	IDH-2, SDH, FUM, G6PD	Inhibits calcium overload, AIF, mPTP opening, ROS and Cyt-c release	[39]
	FUNDC1	LC3, Ripk3, CK2α, Mst1	Stabilizes mitophagy to inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis	[46–49]
	DUSP1	Mff, Bnip3	Inactivates the JNK pathway to alleviate the fatal mitochondrial fission/mitophagy	[51]
	BI1	F-actin	Inhibits mitochondrial fission through the XO/ROS/F-actin pathways	[52]
	Melatonin	PGAM5, Ripk3	Inhibits mitochondrial fission and necroptosis through Ripk3-PGAM5-CypD-mPTP pathways	[53]
Rat	H2S	AP39	Inhibits mito-ROS generation and mPTP opening	[8, 22]
	4′-chlorodiazepam	TSPO	Inhibits cholesterol and oxysterol accumulation during reperfusion	[33]
	Drp1K38A	Drp1	Decreases the oxygen-dependent metabolism	[50]
Bovine	Insulin	Tyr97	Phosphorylated by Cyt-c and in turn limits Cyt-c release and apoptosis	[41]
Human	Cyclosporin A	mPTP components	Inhibits cyclophilin D and mPTP opening	[23]