Relation of Mitral Annulus and Left Atrial Dysfunction to the Severity of Functional Mitral Regurgitation in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Table 2
Comparison of the mitral annulus parameters, measured at mid-systolic frame, between patients with functional mitral regurgitation and control subjects.
Functional mitral regurgitation
Control subjects
(N = 56)
(N = 52)
MA dimensions
AP diameter (mm)
3.4 ± 0.5
2.8 ± 0.4
<0.001
ALPM diameter (mm)
4.4 ± 0.5
3.9 ± 0.5
<0.001
Commissural diameter (mm)
4.3 ± 0.5
3.9 ± 0.5
<0.001
MA circumference (cm)
12.9 ± 1.6
11.2 ± 1.2
<0.05
MA area 2D (cm2)
12.2 ± 3
8.9 ± 2.1
<0.001
MA area 3D (cm2)
12.4 ± 3.1
9.2 ± 2.2
<0.001
ALA (cm2)
8.2 ± 1.9
6.2 ± 1.4
<0.001
ALL (cm)
2.8 ± 0.4
2.2 ± 0.3
<0.001
PLA (cm2)
7.0 ± 2.06
4.0 ± 1.2
<0.001
PLL (cm)
1.4 ± 0.3
1.0 ± 0.2
<0.001
ALA/PLA ratio
1.2 ± 0.3
1.6 ± 0.5
<0.001
MA geometry
Sphericity index
0.80 ± 0.08
0.72 ± 0.06
<0.001
NPA (°)
157 ± 11
145 ± 10
<0.001
Annular height (mm)
6.2 ± 1.8
6.8 ± 1.5
0.125
Tenting volume (cm3)
5.2 ± 1.8
1.9 ± 0.8
<0.001
Tenting area (cm2)
2.3 ± 0.7
1.2 ± 0.4
<0.001
Tenting height (mm)
10 ± 2
6 ± 1
<0.001
Angle Ao-AP (°)
145 ± 12
130 ± 13
<0.001
ALA: anterior leaflet area; ALL: anterior leaflet length; angle Ao-AP: angle between aorta and the highest plane of mitral annulus; AP: anteroposterior; ALPM: anterolateral-posteromedial; MA: mitral annulus; PLA: posterior leaflet area; PLL: posterior leaflet length; NPA: nonplanarity angle.
