Research Article

Circulating Soluble ST2 Predicts All-Cause Mortality in Severe Heart Failure Patients with an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator

Table 1

Baseline characteristics and medical management according to the median levels of sST2.

All patients (N = 150)ST ≤ 34.98846 (ng/ml) (N = 75)ST2 > 34.98846 (ng/ml) (N = 75) value

Age, yrs61.63 ± 11.1461.39 ± 10.2761.87 ± 12.020.79
Men113 (75.33%)55 (73.33%)58 (77.33%)0.57
BMI, kg/m224.23 ± 3.2124.57 ± 3.0823.88 ± 3.330.19
NYHA function classes0.38
 I and II47 (31.33%)21 (28.00%)26 (34.67%)
 III and IV103 (68.67%)54 (72.00%)49 (65.33%)
Hypertension53 (35.33%)31 (41.33%)22 (29.33%)0.12
 Diabetes42 (28.00%)21 (28.00%)21 (28.00%)1.00
 CLBBB62 (41.33%)39 (52.00%)23 (30.67%)0.01
Ischemic etiology70 (46.67%)36 (48.00%)34 (45.33%)0.74
Dilated cardiomyopathy73 (48.67%)37 (49.33%)36 (48.00%)0.87
LA, mm44.00 (40.00–49.00)43.00 (40.00–48.00)45.00 (40.00–51.00)0.15
LVEDD, mm66.00 (62.00–74.00)66.00 (62.00–74.00)67.00 (62.00–76.00)0.82
LVEF (%)29.41 ± 4.6930.29 ± 4.5028.53 ± 4.740.02
WBC, 109/L7.72 ± 2.347.34 ± 1.818.10 ± 2.730.05
Device0.02
 ICD80 (53.33%)33 (44.00%)47 (62.67%)
 CRT-D70 (46.67%)42 (56.00%)28 (37.33%)
SCD prevention0.003
 Primary110 (73.33%)63 (84.00%)47 (62.67%)
 Secondary40 (26.67%)12 (16.00%)28 (37.33%)
eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m278.37 ± 31.9581.08 ± 28.4975.67 ± 35.060.30
HsTNT, ng/ml0.03 (0.01–0.05)0.02 (0.01–0.05)0.03 (0.02–0.05)0.88
NT-proBNP, pg/ml1546.50 (750.20–3119.00)1407.00 (673.10–2967.00)1844.00 (789.00–4004.00)0.10
sST2, ng/ml34.99 (26.20–47.19)26.20 (22.18–31.10)47.19 (42.24–62.94)<0.0001
ACEI77 (51.33%)36 (48.00%)41 (54.67%)0.41
ARB34 (22.67%)21 (28.00%)13 (17.33%)0.12
β-Blocker107 (71.33%)50 (66.67%)57 (76.00%)0.21
Uretic136 (90.67%)68 (90.67%)68 (90.67%)1.00

Values are mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or No. (%). BMI, body mass index; NYHA, New York Heart Association; CLBBB, complete left bundle branch block; LVEF, lower left ventricular ejection fraction; CRT-D, cardiac resynchronization defibrillator; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; SCD, sudden cardiac death; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; hsTnT, high-sensitivity troponin T; NT-proBNP, terminal protype natriuretic peptide; sST2, soluble suppression of tumorigenesis-2; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker.