Initial Experience Using the Radiofrequency Needle Visualization on the Electroanatomical Mapping System for Transseptal Puncture

Table 2

Cases description for CHD conditions.

Proc	Arrhythmia type	LA volume (ml)	TSP route (femoral/jugular)	Anatomy	Cardiac history and previous interventions
1	Paroxysmal AF	81	Femoral	AVSD	Partial AVSD + secundum ASD repair: VSD and ASD (fenestrated Dacron patch) closure + bidirectional Glenn. Hypoplastic RV
3	Paroxysmal AF	135	Femoral	ASD + mitral	Mitral valvuloplasty, ASD closure with Amplatzer and previous AF ablation
5	Paroxysmal AF	90	Femoral	ASD	Secundum ASD surgical repair, PM implanted, and previous AF ablation
7	AT	130	Femoral	ASD	ASD repair; PM implanted
9	AT	95	Femoral	VSD, coarctation, and bicuspid Ao	Bicuspid aortic valve AVR Mech + root, subaortic stenosis coarctation aorta repaired with redo, residual VSD, PM implanted, and 2 previous AT ablations
14	Persistent AF	190	Femoral	AVSD + mitral	Common atrium with AVSD: repair of atrioventricular septal defect with Dacron patch, left atrioventricular valve repair, MV replacement with 27 mm bileaflet mechanical valve, and more than 60 DCCV in life
16	AT	110	Femoral	CCTGA	CHB 29 mm St Jude TVR, VSD patch, PFO closure, LA cryoablation, CRT-D implanted, and previous AT ablation
17	Persistent AF	150	Femoral	ASD	Secundum ASD surgical closed and previous AF ablation
19	Persistent AF	127	Femoral	Cor triatriatum	No surgical intervention
28 + 41	AT	120	Jugular	ASD + mitral	ASD and MV repair (parachute MV), recurrent endocarditis and finally metallic valve in atrial position and LAA in LV continuity, and bilaterally blocked femoral veins
30	Paroxysmal AF	152	Femoral	AS	Congenital aortic stenosis: valvectomy aorta and myomectomy, aortic valve and ascending replacement, and previous AF ablation
33	AT	258	Femoral	ASD	Secundum ASD closed and 3 previous AT/AF ablations
37	Persistent AF	168	Femoral	TOF	Tetralogy Fallot repaired, previous AF and AFL ablations, and CRT-D implanted (PM dependent)
38	Persistent AF	209	Femoral	VSD	VSD closure with Amplatzer and 3 previous AF ablations

LA: left atrium, AVSD: atrioventricular septal defect, ASD: atrial septal defect, VSD: ventricular septal defect, RV: right ventricle, PM: pacemaker, AVR: aortic valve replacement, Mech: mechanical, Ao: aorta, CCTGA: congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries, CHB: complete heart block, PFO: persistent foramen ovale, TVR: tricuspid valve replacement, TOF: tetralogy of Fallot, and LAA: left atrial appendage.