Characteristics and Surgical Results of Patients with Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy without Intrinsic Mitral Valve Diseases Undergoing Mitral Subvalvular Procedures during Myectomy
Table 1
Baseline and surgical characteristics.
Variables
Combined group (n = 50)
Alone group (n = 131)
value
Demographics
Age (years)
52.9 ± 11.2
56.8 ± 11.8
0.045
Gender (male)
31 (62.0%)
66 (50.4%)
0.161
Recent smoking
17 (34.0%)
29 (22.1%)
0.101
Concomitant diseases
Diabetes mellitus
5 (10.0%)
11 (8.4%)
0.772
Hypertension
20 (40.0)
51 (38.9%)
0.895
Cerebrovascular disease
3 (6.0%)
8 (6.1%)
>0.999
Family history of HCM
7 (14.0%)
8 (6.1%)
0.127
Family history of sudden death
4 (8.0%)
2 (1.5%)
0.049
Preoperative cardiac status
NYHA functional class
—
—
0.034
II
11 (22.0%)
13 (10.0%)
—
III
36 (72.0%)
97 (74.0%)
—
IV
3 (6.0%)
21 (16.0%)
—
Atrial fibrillation
6 (12.0%)
12 (9.2%)
0.584
Right bundle branch block
1 (2.0%)
3 (2.3%)
>0.999
MV subvalvular anomalies
50 (100%)
0
—
False cords
13 (26.0%)
—
—
Retracted secondary chordae
34 (68.0%)
—
—
PM abnormalities
17 (34.0%)
—
—
Echocardiographic data (TTE)
Maximum gradients (mmHg)
96.5 ± 17.8
92.2 ± 20.5
0.193
Septal thickness (mm)
16.4 ± 2.3
18.5 ± 3.2
<0.001
SAM
31 (100%)
180 (100%)
1.000
MR
3.0 (2.0–3.0)
3.0 (2.0–3.0)
0.472
LVEF (%)
67.5 ± 4.8
66.6 ± 4.2
0.217
LVEDD (mm)
44.7 ± 4.6
44.6 ± 4.4
0.893
Procedures
Myectomy
50 (100%)
131 (100%)
1.000
ACC time (min)
38.1 ± 7.3
35.8 ± 7.5
0.065
Myectomy plus subvalvular procedures
50 (100%)
0
—
False cords cutting
13 (26.0%)
—
—
Retracted secondary chordae cutting
34 (68.0%)
—
—
PM release and/or resection
17 (34.0%)
—
—
Values are expressed as n (percent), mean ± standard deviation or median and interquartile range. HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; NYHA, New York Heart Association (classification); LVOT, left ventricular outflow tract; MV, mitral valve; PM, papillary muscle; TTE, transthoracic echocardiography; MR, mitral regurgitation; SAM, systolic anterior motion; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDD, left ventricular endo-diastolic diameter; ACC, aortic cross-clamping.
