Clinical Characteristics and Long-Term Prognosis of Elderly Valvular Heart Disease Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Five-Year Experience from a Single-Center Study of Southern China

Table 3

Multivariable cox regression analysis for MACCEs in elderly VHD patients.

	aHR	95% CI	value
Age	1.03	1.01–1.06	0.002
COPD	1.32	0.97–1.80	0.076
Chronic kidney disease	1.21	0.85–1.72	0.300
Hypertension	1.60	1.16–2.21	0.004
Atrial fibrillation	1.37	1.03–1.84	0.033
Diabetes mellitus	1.88	1.42–2.48	<0.001
NYHA class	1.16	0.93–1.44	0.192
LAd	1.00	0.98–1.02	0.985
Aortic regurgitation	1.25	0.92–1.70	0.154
Beta-blocker	2.26	1.51–3.38	<0.001
Diuretic	1.16	0.84–1.60	0.373

Note. MACCEs, major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events; VHD, valvular heart disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NYHA, New York Heart Association; LAd, left atrial diameter; aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; and CI, confidence interval.