The Electrophysiology of Atrial Fibrillation: From Basic Mechanisms to Catheter Ablation

Figure 2

(a) The arrhythmic firing from the left inferior PV propagates normally to the atrial myocardium. (b, c) Special conditions such as conduction anisotropy or anatomical obstacle at the central point of the wavefront can create two waves with rotational propagation, capable of maintaining AF.

(a)

(b)

(c)