Diagnostic Value of High-Sensitivity Troponin T for Subclinical Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Patients with Sepsis

Table 1

Baseline characteristics, biochemical, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic data of patients classified in relation to the presence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

	All patients (n = 116)	Patients without LVSD (n = 66)	Patients with LVSD (n = 50)	value
Characteristics
Age, mean (years)	67.3 ± 15.9	65.9 ± 15.9	69.1 ± 16.0	0.280
Male, n (%)	91 (78.4)	54 (81.8)	37 (74.0)	0.311
Heart rate (bpm)	103.6 ± 19.3	101.3 ± 19.8	106.8 ± 18.3	0.139
MAP (mmHg)	78.0 ± 15.0	82.2 ± 14.8	72.3 ± 13.5	<0.001
CVP (mmHg)	7.0 ± 2.6	6.8 ± 2.3	7.4 ± 2.9	0.261
SOFA score	8.9 ± 4.1	7.3 ± 3.8	11.0 ± 3.6	<0.001
APACHE II score	18.1 ± 8.1	14.7 ± 6.9	22.6 ± 7.4	<0.001
Shock, n (%)	83 (71.5)	37 (56.0)	46 (92.0)	<0.001
CRRT, n (%)	53 (45.7)	20 (30.3)	33 (66.0)	<0.001
LOS in ICU (days)	7.1 ± 6.3	6.5 ± 5.4	7.8 ± 7.4	0.289
Mechanical ventilation, n (%)	92 (79.3)	48 (72.7)	44 (88.0)	0.044
In-hospital mortality, n (%)	40 (34.5)	10 (14.1)	30 (53.6)	<0.001
Comorbidities
Hypertension, n (%)	50 (43.1)	27 (40.9)	23 (46.0)	0.583
Type 2 DM, n (%)	25 (21.5)	11 (16.7)	14 (28.0)	0.142
Stroke, n (%)	14 (12.1)	10 (15.1)	4 (8.0)	0.242
CKD, n (%)	21 (18.1)	8 (12.1)	13 (23.6)	0.055
COPD, n (%)	5 (4.3)	3 (4.5)	2 (4.0)	0.886
Laboratory data
WBC (×10^9/L)	14.6 ± 10.1	14.6 ± 10.0	15.5 ± 10.5	0.994
Lactate (mmol/L)	3.4 (2.0–6.9)	2.7 (1.8–4.7)	5.9 (2.6–8.8)	<0.001
Procalcitonin (ng/mL)	31.5 (6.4–98.8)	16.2 (3.6–82.5)	46.1 (15.0–100.0)	0.440
hs-cTnT (ng/L)	55 (30–153)	38 (19–109)	113 (48–334)	0.005
hs-cTnT > 14 ng/L, n (%)	100 (86.2)	52 (78.8)	48 (96.0)	0.007
Speckle-tracking echocardiographic
LS-A4C (%)	−15.4 ± 3.3	−17.4 ± 2.2	−12.7 ± 2.5	<0.001
LS-A2C (%)	−15.2 ± 3.8	−17.5 ± 2.5	−12.1 ± 3.0	<0.001
LS-A3C (%)	−15.8 ± 3.5	−17.9 ± 2.3	−13.1 ± 2.7	<0.001
GLS (%)	−15.5 ± 3.2	−17.6 ± 1.8	−12.6 ± 2.4	<0.001

Note. Continuous data are presented as means ± SD or median (interquartile range) and categorical data as n (%). A3C, apical three-chamber view; A4C, apical four-chamber view; A2C, apical two-chamber view; APACHE II, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy; CVP, central venous pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; GLS, global longitudinal strain by speckle-tracking echocardiography; hs-cTnT, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; LS, longitudinal strain; ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay; MAP, mean arterial pressure; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; WBC, white blood cell;  < 0.05.