| | Covariate | Statistics | β (95%CI) | value |
| | Age (year) | 59.71 ± 11.14 | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | <0.001 | | Sex, n (%) | | Male | 141 (55.51%) | Reference | <0.001 | | Female | 113 (44.49%) | −4.91 (−6.46, −3.36) | | | Degree of education, n (%) | | Illiterate | 84 (33.07%) | Reference | | | Primary and junior high school | 119 (46.85%) | 6.82 (5.32, 8.31) | <0.001 | | High school | 33 (12.99%) | 10.79 (8.62, 12.96) | <0.001 | | Undergraduate and above | 18 (7.09%) | 11.81 (9.19, 14.44) | <0.001 | | Smoking or not, n (%) | | Nonsmoker | 147 (57.87%) | Reference | | | Current smoker | 58 (22.83%) | 3.89 (1.91, 5.87) | <0.001 | | Quit | 49 (19.29%) | 3.67 (1.57, 5.77) | <0.001 | | Alcohol consumption, n (%) | | Nondrinker | 179 (70.47%) | Reference | | | Current drinker | 51 (20.08%) | 4.96 (2.98, 6.95) | <0.001 | | Quit | 24 (9.45%) | 2.82 (0.06, 5.58) | 0.047 | | PLT | 208.1 ± 68.2 | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.575 | | BMI | 25.33 ± 4.27 | 0.35 (0.16, 0.54) | <0.001 | | Hb (g/L) | 134.85 ± 19.58 | 0.08 (0.03, 0.12) | ＜0.001 | | RBC (10^12/L) | 4.41 ± 0.67 | 1.44 (0.19, 2.69) | 0.024 | | PT (s) | 12.15 (10.00–66.00) | −0.07 (−0.17, 0.03) | 0.154 | | INR | 1.32 ± 0.77 | −0.87 (−1.94, 0.21) | 0.115 | | APTT (s) | 32.53 ± 7.26 | 0.10 (−0.01, 0.21) | 0.084 | | D-dimer (10^12/L) | 0.55 (0.04–15.37) | −1.00 (−1.51, −0.50) | ＜0.001 | | FT3 (pmol/L) | 4.31 (0.94–31.80) | 0.08 (−0.18, 0.35) | 0.546 | | FT4 (pmol/L) | 17.60 (3.72–100.00) | −0.05 (−0.14, 0.03) | 0.196 | | TSH (mIU/L) | 2.40 (0.01–33.30) | 0.01 (−0.25, 0.27) | 0.945 | | Creatinine (umol/L) | 74.92 ± 30.66 | −0.00 (−0.03, 0.02) | 0.778 | | Urea (mmol/L) | 7.31 ± 3.74 | −0.24 (−0.47, −0.02) | 0.034 | | UA (umol/L) | 376.68 ± 129.03 | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.854 | | AST (U/L) | 20.00 (5.20–3319.00) | −0.00 (−0.00, 0.00) | 0.397 | | ALT (U/L) | 19.90 (3.70–1373.30) | −0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.660 | | Lipoprotein (mg/L) | 188.00 (3.00–1091.00) | 0.00 (−0.00, 0.00) | 0.617 | | TC (mmol/L) | 3.77 ± 0.96 | −0.49 (−1.38, 0.40) | 0.280 | | TG (mmol/L) | 1.20 ± 0.64 | 0.74 (−0.59, 2.08) | 0.275 | | HDL (mmol/L) | 1.07 ± 0.28 | −0.66 (−3.74, 2.43) | 0.678 | | LDL (mmol/L) | 2.23 ± 0.74 | −0.59 (−1.74, 0.56) | 0.312 | | LVEF (%) | 50.09 ± 12.05 | 0.03 (−0.04, 0.10) | 0.354 | | Hypertension, n (%) | | No | 118 (46.46%) | Reference | | | Yes | 136 (53.54%) | −0.51 (−2.16, 1.14) | 0.545 | | Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | | No | 190 (74.80%) | Reference | | | Yes | 64 (25.20%) | 0.54 (−1.37, 2.44) | 0.580 | | Heart failure, n (%) | | No | 111 (43.70%) | Reference | | | Yes | 143 (56.30%) | −3.45 (−5.05, −1.84) | <0.001 | | Coronary artery disease, n (%) | | No | 49 (19.29%) | Reference | | | Yes | 205 (80.71%) | −0.46 (−2.52, 1.61) | 0.665 | | Myocardial infarction, n (%) | | No | 233 (91.73%) | Reference | 0.253 | | Yes | 21 (8.27%) | −1.76 (−4.78, 1.26) | | | Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | | No | 245 (96.46%) | Reference | 0.026 | | Yes | 9 (3.54%) | 5.11 (0.64, 9.58) | | | Valvular disease, n (%) | | No | 170 (66.93%) | Reference | | | Yes | 84 (33.07%) | −2.32 (−4.04, −0.59) | 0.009 | | Cerebral infarction history, n (%) | | No | 212 (83.46%) | Reference | 0.600 | | Yes | 42 (16.54%) | −0.60 (−2.84, 1.64) | | | Aspirin, n (%) | | No | 163 (64.17%) | Reference | 0.082 | | Yes | 91 (35.83%) | 1.53 (−0.18, 3.24) | | | Warfarin, n (%) | | No | 222 (87.40%) | Reference | 0.712 | | Yes | 32 (12.60%) | 0.47 (−2.01, 2.95) | | | Clopidogrel, n (%) | | No | 235 (92.52%) | Reference | 0.765 | | Yes | 19 (7.48%) | 0.48 (−2.69, 3.65) | | | Rivashaban, n (%) | | No | 240 (94.49%) | Reference | 0.676 | | Yes | 14 (5.51%) | 0.76 (−2.78, 4.29) | | | Type of AF, n (%) | | Paroxysmal AF | 76 (29.92%) | Reference | | | Persistent AF | 124 (48.82%) | −1.61 (−3.51, 0.30) | 0.099 | | Long-term persistent AF | 24 (9.45%) | −0.01 (−3.11, 3.08) | 0.993 | | Permanent | 30 (11.81%) | −0.59 (−3.40, 2.22) | 0.680 | | Duration of AF, n (%) | | ≤1 year | 102 (40.16%) | Reference | | | 1–5 years | 76 (29.92%) | 0.20 (−1.79, 2.20) | 0.842 | | 6–10 years | 32 (12.60%) | 0.67 (−2.04, 3.37) | 0.629 | | ＞10 years | 44 (17.32%) | −0.51 (−2.92, 1.89) | 0.676 |
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Hb, hemoglobin; RBC, red blood cell; PT, prothrombin time; INR, International Normalized Ratio; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; FT3, free triiodothyronine; FT4, free thyroxine; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone; UA, uric acid; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triacylglycerol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; CI, confidence interval. < 0.05 is considered to be statistically significant. |
