The Role of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis.

Trial	SGLT2	Definition of HF at baseline	Diabetes status of participants	Number of participants		HHF events		CV death		All-cause mortality		CV death or HF
				SGLT2	Placebo	SGLT2	Placebo	SGLT2	Placebo	SGLT2	Placebo	SGLT2	Placebo
Emperor-reduced	Empagliflozin	EF ≤ 40%	DM + non-DM	1863	1867	388	553	187	202	249	266	361	462
Soloist-WHF	Sotagliflozin	Previous hospitalisation for HF and BNP > 150pg/ml (>450pg/ml for AF) (reported median EF 35%)	DM	608	614	194	297	51	58	65	76	245	355
Vertis-CV‡	Ertugliflozin	EF ≤ 45%‡	DM	319	159	—	—	42	21	54	27	62	38
		EF > 45%		680	327			47	21	63	30	68	35
Empareg	Empagliflozin	Investigator reported HF	DM	462	244	48	30	38	27	56	35	75	49
Declare-Timi 58 (HF)‽	Dapagliflozin	EF ≤ 45%	DM	318	353	41	63	25	47	38	68	59	95
		EF > 45%						54	38	84	81	92	99
Dapa-HF	Dapagliflozin	EF ≤ 40%	DM + non-DM	2373	2371	231	318	227	273	276	329	382	495
Define-HF	Dapagliflozin	EF ≤ 40%	DM + non-DM	131	132	12	13	—	—	—	—	—	—
CanvasS	Canagliflozin	Investigator reported HF	DM	803	658	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

^‡Only the group with EF <45% and known history of HF was analysed in the total population analysis and in the subgroup analysis according to baseline diabetes status. ^?The subgroup of HF with reduced ejection fraction was analysed in the total population analysis and in the subgroup analysis according to baseline diabetes status.