The Predictive Value of Epicardial Fat Tissue Volume in the Occurrence and Development of Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of the included studies.

Reference year	Country	Healthy subjects (n) EFTV (M ± SD)	All AF subjects (n) EFTV (M ± SD)	PAF subjects (n) EFTV (M ± SD)	PeAF subjects (n) EFTV (M ± SD)	AF recurrence (n) EFTV (M ± SD)	No AF recurrence (n) EFTV (M ± SD)	Imaging system	Quality score
Al Chekakie et al. [10] 2010	USA	76.10 ± 36.30 n = 76	101.60 ± 44.10 n = 197	93.90 ± 39.10 n = 126	115.40 ± 49.30 n = 71	N/A	N/A	CT	15/22
Goldenberg et al. [11] 2021	Israel	55.90 ± 17.70 n = 50	140.30 ± 58.10 n = 130	N/A	N/A	130.70 ± 54.20 n = 103	175.00 ± 54.40 n = 27	CT	20/22
Greif et al. [12] 2013	Germany	255.70 ± 127.19 n = 934	284.81 ± 139.21 n = 354	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	CT	16/22
Hammache et al. [13] 2021	France	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	88.60 ± 37.20 n = 128	91.40 ± 40.50 n = 261	CT	20/22
Kanazawa et al. [14] 2014	Japan	113.90 ± 32.50 n = 120	148.80 ± 46.10 n = 120	131.40 ± 37.60 n = 80	178.30 ± 47.90 n = 40	N/A	N/A	CT	14/22
Kim et al. [15] 2014	Korea	N/A	N/A	100.67 ± 43.07 n = 450	108.13 ± 46.88 n = 215	99.44 ± 42.51 n = 489	113.19 ± 48.11 n = 176	CT	17/22
Maeda et al. [16] 2018	Germany	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	126.00 ± 44.00 n = 157	141.00 ± 53.00 n = 61	CT	13/22
Mahabadi et al. [17] 2014	Japan	92.70 ± 46.10 n = 3809	147.10 ± 64.40 n = 46	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	CT	19/22
Nagashima et al. [18] 2011	Japan	138.30 ± 45.20 n = 37	185.60 ± 76.10 n = 40	158.3 ± 47.2 n = 24	226.40 ± 93.30 n = 16	153.50 ± 42.70 n = 25	239.00 ± 90.20 n = 15	CT	18/22
Nakatani et al. [19] 2015	Japan	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	123.00 ± 56.00 n = 45	107.0 ± 64.00 n = 10	CT	17/22
Nakatani et al. [20] 2020	Japan	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	116.00 ± 34.00 n = 34	103.00 ± 43.00 n = 10	CT	18/22
Oba et al. [21] 2018	Japan	103.80 ± 46.10 n = 112	129.30 ± 46.00 n = 204	126.5 ± 47.90 n = 133	134.70 ± 41.80 n = 71	N/A	N/A	CT	16/22
Romanov et al. [22] 2021	Japan	N/A	N/A	159.60 ± 42.20 n = 15	187.60 ± 62.10 n = 15	N/A	N/A	CT	15/22
Shin et al. [23] 2011	Korea	67.20 ± 23.10 n = 80	83.80 ± 26.80 n = 80	76.60 ± 26.00 n = 40	91.00 ± 26.00 n = 40	N/A	N/A	CT	18/22
Zhou et al. [24] 2021	China	224.90 ± 64.80 n = 75	287.3 ± 68.2 n = 18	NA	NA	N/A	N/A	MRI	19/22
Zhu et al. [25] 2019	China	92.20 ± 32.10 n = 82	136.00 ± 46.00 n = 125	134.20 ± 46.30 n = 80	140.1 ± 52.6 n = 45	N/A	N/A	CT	14/22
Chika et al. [26] 2012	Japan	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	145.00 ± 37.00 n = 26	200.00 ± 62.00 n = 112	CT	5/12
Kawakam et al. [27] 2008	Japan	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	109.50 ± 34.90 n = 61	147.30 ± 35.80 n = 34	CT	4/12
Masaharu et al. [28] 2015	USA	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	94.50 ± 35.20 n = 24	98.50 ± 45.70 n = 29	CT	21/22
Liu et al. [29] 2016	China	85.73 ± 35.46 n = 50	101.86 ± 30.74 n = 90	99.86 ± 33.07 n = 62	106.29 ± 24.82 n = 28	95.49 ± 28.60 n = 41	119.15 ± 28.66 n = 21	CT	18/22
Kou et al. [30] 2018	China	93.55 ± 34.79 n = 70	138.94 ± 37.93 n = 66	137.07 ± 36.53 n = 42	142.20 ± 40.86 n = 24	N/A	N/A	CT	19/22
Li et al. [31] 2020	China	109.86 ± 13.52 n = 40	NA	131.17 ± 11.28 n = 32	139.10 ± 13.26 n = 36	N/A	N/A	CT	17/22