Solving a Closed-Loop Location-Inventory-Routing Problem with Mixed Quality Defects Returns in E-Commerce by Hybrid Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm

Table 1

Results with different (cost: million CNY; iterations: times).

		Cost			Iterations
		Mean	Std. dev.	C.V.	Mean	Std. dev.	C.V.
30	ACO	32.4	0.96	0.0295	168.6	30.64	0.1817
	HACO	33.46	1.12	0.0336	125.72	29.02	0.2308
40	ACO	32.13	0.96	0.03	173.48	32.95	0.1899
	HACO	33.37	0.93	0.0277	117.82	15.4	0.1307
50	ACO	32.22	0.74	0.0229	157.19	40.58	0.2581
	HACO	32.96	0.96	0.0292	119.26	17.47	0.1465
60	ACO	32.21	0.67	0.0208	158.12	39.39	0.2491
	HACO	32.72	0.86	0.0263	121.86	17.37	0.1425
70	ACO	31.96	0.71	0.0223	162.88	32.48	0.1994
	HACO	32.77	1.13	0.0344	121.06	23.7	0.1958

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