Solving a Closed-Loop Location-Inventory-Routing Problem with Mixed Quality Defects Returns in E-Commerce by Hybrid Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm

Table 2

Results with different α (cost: million CNY; iterations: times).

α		Cost			Iterations
		Mean	Std. dev.	C.V.	Mean	Std. dev.	C.V.
0.25	ACO	31.92	0.54	0.0168	189.3	73.28	0.3871
	HACO	31.63	0.79	0.025	189.38	69.64	0.3677
0.5	ACO	31.85	0.78	0.0246	181.86	57.34	0.3153
	HACO	31.52	0.91	0.029	182.24	63.94	0.3509
1	ACO	32.22	0.74	0.0229	157.19	40.58	0.2581
	HACO	33.06	1.04	0.0315	123.28	14.02	0.1137
1.25	ACO	32.13	0.79	0.0247	154.24	30.12	0.1953
	HACO	33.11	1.09	0.0331	115.78	11.61	0.1002
1.5	ACO	32.14	0.9	0.0279	154.96	25.68	0.1658
	HACO	32.97	1.11	0.0335	116.2	10.23	0.0881

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