Estimation of Container Traffic at Seaports by Using Several Soft Computing Methods: A Case of Turkish Seaports

Table 2

Input and output variables used for forecasting models.

Years	GDP ($) (×10^9)	(×10^6)	Exports ($) (×10^6)	⁢Annual container traffic
				⁢(×10^3 TEU)
				Izmir	Istanbul	Mersin
	[74]	[74]	[75, 76]	⁢[71]
1989	107.14	55.6	11.6	115.23	90.04	100.04
1990	150.68	56.5	13.0	122.50	111.81	113.56
1991	150.03	57.4	13.6	143.11	151.36	102.73
1992	158.46	58.3	14.7	162.51	184.64	105.82
1993	180.17	59.2	18.3	212.95	247.95	116.79
1994	130.69	60.1	15.1	268.93	218.15	131.45
1995	169.49	61.0	21.6	302.15	313.26	147.62
1996	181.48	62.0	23.2	345.92	449.63	181.53
1997	189.84	62.9	26.3	391.70	588.28	268.44
1998	269.29	64.5	27.0	400.19	717.94	241.87
1999	249.75	66.2	26.6	435.97	653.94	244.00
2000	266.57	67.8	27.8	464.46	831.62	304.95
2001	196.01	68.2	23.3	491.23	782.35	306.29
2002	232.54	68.5	36.1	533.21	1023.43	365.79
2003	303.01	68.8	47.3	549.92	1491.80	440.87
2004	392.17	69.2	63.2	566.63	1960.17	515.95
2005	482.98	69.5	73.5	644.04	1990.73	594.24
2006	530.90	69.9	85.5	766.79	2345.14	632.90
2007	647.16	70.6	107.3	869.34	2693.46	799.53
	730.34	71.5	132.0	891.70	2953.44	869.60
	614.55	72.6	102.1	814.07	2377.51	845.97
	731.17	73.7	113.9	845.62	3205.53	1015.57
	774.75	74.7	134.9	1049.63	3587.92	1126.87
	788.86	75.6	152.5	1109.37	3868.91	1250.87
	823.24	76.1	151.8	1149.62	4129.51	1367.13
	798.80	76.9	165.1	1215.27	4484.75	1483.95
	718.22	77.7	153.6	1136.47	4378.60	1418.28

for the testing period of the forecasting models; I: input variable and O: output variable.
term was used rather than mid-year population.