Research Article
VECM Model Analysis of Carbon Emissions, GDP, and International Crude Oil Prices
Table 2
Unit root test results of sequence first-order difference.
| Variable | ADF | PP | Level | Level |
| | -5.894742(0.0000) | -36.03728(0.0001) |
| | -10.05132(0.0000) | -9.229024(0.0000) |
| | -4.615071(0.0002) | -7.242270(0.0000) |
|
|