Implementation Flexibility of Multiperiod Rail Line Design with Consideration of Uncertainties in Population Distribution

Table 1

Comparison between some closely concerned models with the model proposed in this paper.

Citation	Variation of population distribution	Spatial-temporal; correlation of population distribution	Multi-period NDP	Implementation; flexibility
Vuchi and Newell (1968)	No	No	No	No
Chien and Qin (2004)	No	No	No	No
Szeto and Lo [19]	Yes	No	Yes	No
Ukkusuri and Patil (2009)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Ma and Lo [20]	Yes	No	Yes	No
Li et al. [2]	No	No	No	No
Shao et al. [9]	Yes	Yes	No	No
Liu [14]	Yes	Yes	No	No
Peng et al. [22]	Yes	No	No	No
This paper	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes