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| Battery type | Application field | Battery production (2012) [20]
(10,000 KVAH) | Proportion | Service life (year) | Recovery management characteristics |
|
| Starting battery | Used as storage batteries for starting, ignition and lighting (SLI) and so on in vehicles with an internal combustion engine such as buses, trucks and motorcycles and other vehicles | 7495 | 52% | 1.5-3 | The users are widely distributed. The production is high, the single use quantity is relatively huge, and most of such batteries are replaced through distributors or maintenance service providers. The recovery management focuses are distributors and maintenance service providers. |
|
| Power battery | Used as power batteries in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric special-purpose vehicles (electric sightseeing buses, golf carts, patrol cars, forklifts, etc.), low-speed electric passenger cars and hybrid electric vehicles | 5320 | 37% | 1-3 | The users are especially disperse, the production is relatively large, the single use quantity is large and the replacement frequency is high, but the recovery is irregular. Illegal recovery vendors are main clients. The recovery management focuses are consumers, distributors and maintenance service providers. |
|
| Standby battery | Used as standby power in telecommunication base stations, UPS, emergency lighting power and other standby power | 1601 | 11% | 3-6 | The batteries have built-in GPS, the production is low, but the single use quantity is huge. They can be recycled through proper channels and are easy to manage. Recovery management focuses are distributors and maintenance service providers. |
| Energy storage battery | Used as storage batteries in solar power generation equipment, wind turbines and other renewable energy resources |
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