Research Article

A Contract Coordination Model of Dual-Channel Delivery between UAVs and Couriers Considering the Uncertainty of Delivery for Last Mile

Table 1

The description of symbols.

SymbolsMeaningSymbolsMeaning

Distribution service price of couriersMarket allocation proportion of courier channel
Distribution service price of UAVsThe total demand of package market
Service price per packageThe random delivery factor of DC ()
The residual value per package of the residual package at DCScale average value of package market demand
The residual value per package of the residual package at DTSAverage value of the random delivery factor of DC
Shortage cost per unit of DCPlanned delivery quantity of DC
Shortage cost per unit of DTSPlanned package quantity of DTS
Customer demand for courier channelCost of DC
Customer demand for UAV channelThe distribution cost of DTS
The impact of price of UAV channel on demand quality of the courier channelThe profit of DTS
The impact of price of couriers channel on demand quality of the UAV channelThe profit of DC
Revenue percentage at DTS under Positive revenue sharing contractThe overall profits of last-kilometer distribution
Revenue percentage at DC under reverse revenue sharing contract