Governments’ Policy Response to Drought in Eswatini and Lesotho: A Systematic Review of the Characteristics, Comprehensiveness, and Quality of Existing Policies to Improve Community Resilience to Drought Hazards

Table 4

Summary of quality assessment of policy documents based on logic of events framework.

Dimension	Criteria	No. of studies that met criteria	No. of studies that moderately or partially met criteria	No. of studies that did not meet criteria
1.0 Accessibility	1.1 The policy document is accessible online or in hard copy	32	0	0
2.0 Policy background	2.1 There are established scientific grounds for the policy	31	0	1
	2.2 The goals are drawn from a conclusive review of literature	24	0	7
	2.3 The policy source (e.g., authority and qual. or quant. analysis or deduction) is established	31	0	1
	2.4 The policy provides alternatives	26	0	6
3.0 Goals	3.1 The policy goals and/or objectives are clearly stated	23	0	9
	3.2 The policy goals and/or objectives are concrete enough to be evaluated	24	0	8
	3.3 The goals and/or objectives are clear in intent and mechanism to achieve desired results without prescribing what the change must be	24	0	8
	3.4 The action centres around improving the population’s wellbeing	32	0	0
	3.5 The policy is supported by observations that align with the policy proposal (external consistency)	32	0	0
	3.6 The policy inferences are logically drawn from available information (internal consistency)	32	0	0
4.0 Resources	4.1 There are sufficient human resources allocated to policy implementation	24	0	8
	4.2 The policy is well costed and budgeted for	10	4	18
	4.3 The organisation has the necessary capacity to implement the policy	19	0	13
5.0 Monitoring and evaluation	5.1 The policy articulates a monitoring and evaluation mechanism	23	0	9
	5.2 The policy has an independent body to evaluate it	3	1	28
	5.3 Outcome measures for each implicit and explicit objective are established	13	0	19
	5.4 Evaluation data are collected before, during, and after the introduction of the policy	9	5	18
	5.5 Follow-up takes place after a sufficient period to allow policy effects to become evident	15	1	16
	5.6 Policy confounding factors are identified	24	0	8
	5.7 There are clear criteria for evaluation	10	1	21
6.0 Public opportunities	6.1 There are multiple stakeholders involved	23	0	7
	6.2 Stakeholders’ concerns are recognised and addressed to increase legitimacy	17	0	15
7.0 Obligations	7.1 Implementers’ roles and obligations are specified	22	0	10
	7.2 Scientific results are compelling for action	32	0	0