Defending against Online Social Network Rumors through Optimal Control Approach

<div>Three real-world OSNs: (a) <span class="nowrap"><svg height="11.8174pt" id="M193" style="vertical-align:-3.1815pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 15.0753 11.8174" width="15.0753pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M673 297H417L411 270C517 261 522 258 506 183L487 92C476 38 428 19 360 19C207 19 123 132 123 287C123 472 243 631 441 631C557 631 617 583 617 469L647 472C650 545 655 604 658 632C625 643 554 666 467 666C201 666 23 502 23 278C23 90 156 -16 339 -16C410 -16 501 6 569 24C566 43 567 70 573 101L589 183C604 259 607 262 667 271L673 297Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.827,3.132)"><path d="M606 650H137L129 618C217 609 221 609 203 518L129 129C115 46 106 40 26 32L18 0H300L307 32C210 40 203 45 218 129L249 305H358C454 305 455 296 457 219H491L531 425H497C465 353 463 350 366 350H259L300 569C306 605 310 611 346 611H444C522 611 535 598 541 578C550 557 553 519 552 485L588 489L606 650Z"></path></g></svg>,</span> (b) <span class="nowrap"><svg height="11.8174pt" id="M194" style="vertical-align:-3.1815pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 15.3493 11.8174" width="15.3493pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M673 297H417L411 270C517 261 522 258 506 183L487 92C476 38 428 19 360 19C207 19 123 132 123 287C123 472 243 631 441 631C557 631 617 583 617 469L647 472C650 545 655 604 658 632C625 643 554 666 467 666C201 666 23 502 23 278C23 90 156 -16 339 -16C410 -16 501 6 569 24C566 43 567 70 573 101L589 183C604 259 607 262 667 271L673 297Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.827,3.132)"><path d="M655 676H628C608 656 600 650 571 650H156C118 650 114 651 102 676H77C63 615 45 548 24 485L60 486C81 531 97 562 114 580C134 603 148 611 252 611H308L217 127C201 41 196 38 105 32L98 0H384L393 32C300 38 288 41 304 127L393 611H466C553 611 571 604 582 580C592 559 597 530 595 485L630 489C636 548 645 624 655 676Z"></path></g></svg>,</span> and (c) <span class="nowrap"><svg height="11.8174pt" id="M195" style="vertical-align:-3.1815pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 15.5137 11.8174" width="15.5137pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M673 297H417L411 270C517 261 522 258 506 183L487 92C476 38 428 19 360 19C207 19 123 132 123 287C123 472 243 631 441 631C557 631 617 583 617 469L647 472C650 545 655 604 658 632C625 643 554 666 467 666C201 666 23 502 23 278C23 90 156 -16 339 -16C410 -16 501 6 569 24C566 43 567 70 573 101L589 183C604 259 607 262 667 271L673 297Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.827,3.132)"><path d="M679 650H432L424 619L456 615C499 610 507 601 486 568C442 499 366 400 315 336C281 403 229 526 211 570C199 600 202 610 239 614C239 614 281 618 281 619L288 650H33L24 619C98 612 106 606 129 552L226 325C238 297 238 282 234 259L211 136C193 42 184 38 97 32L86 0H375L382 32C285 39 277 45 296 136L324 267C329 290 337 304 350 322C420 416 479 489 523 539C582 607 595 613 668 619L679 650Z"></path></g></svg>.</span></div>

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

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Figure 2

Figure 2: Defending against Online Social Network Rumors through Optimal Control Approach 