Research Article
The Causal Model of Public Acceptance of Genetically Modified Food: An Invariance Analysis
Table 3
Measures used in the study.
| Construct | Items | Source |
| Public acceptance (ACC) | (ACC1) Would you buy genetically modified food (GMF)? | [18, 19, 60] | (ACC2) Would you buy this kind of food if the product trademark indicated that it contained genetically modified ingredients? | (ACC3) Whenever possible, I avoid buying GMF (reversed scoring). | (ACC4) Compared with ordinary food, GMF has a longer shelf life. Would you choose to buy because of this? |
| Perceived benefits (PEB) | (PEB1) Overall, GMF technology is useful to society | [54, 56] | (PEB2) Transgenic technology can increase crop yields and feed more people | (PEB3) GMF creates a higher quality of life; it is a great technological advancement | (PEB4) GMFs will eventually be accepted by the majority of people |
| Perceived risks (PER) | (PER1) Overall, GMF can be dangerous to people | [54ā57] | (PER2) Eating GMF will lead to infertility | (PER3) Eating GMF will change our genes or those of future generations | (PER4) The production of GMF will destroy the diversity of animals and plants |
| Social trust (SOT) | (SOT1) Regulatory agencies | [18, 59] | (SOT2) Agricultural corporation | (SOT3) Public research institution in the GMF domain |
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