Dynamic Path Optimization in Sharing Mode to Relieve Urban Traffic Congestion

Table 1

Notations and definitions.

Qi	Coordinates of residences
	Normalized coordinates of residences
D	Walking distance from residences to stops
Bi	Coordinates of stops
	The speed of shared commuter bus
pi	Number of commuters picked up at i-th station
di	Number of commuters dropped off at i-th station
Tis	Time taken for s-th vehicle to reach i-th station
[TEi, TLi]	Acceptable time window for i-th station
N	Unit penalty coefficient beyond soft time window
M	Unit penalty coefficient beyond hard time window
cij	The shortest distance from i-th node to j-th node
ni	Coordinates of key points
Xs, Xr	Particle radius vectors
Vs, Vr	Particle velocity vectors
pBest	Individual extremum
gBest	Global extremum
w	Inertial weight
C1, C2	Learning effects
rand ()	Random number between 0 and 1