Applying System Dynamics of Discrete Supported Track to Analyze the Rail Corrugation Causation on Curved Urban Railway Tracks

Table 1

Symbols used in calculation.

Symbol	Definition
	Wear coefficient of material
	Material density
	Long semi-axis of the modified wheel-rail contact ellipse
	Normal force of the wheel-rail contact
	Elastic deformation between the wheel and rail
	Lateral creep force
	Actual part of the lateral creep force
	Modified contact ellipse coefficient
	Lateral creepage
	Actual part of lateral creepage
	Train passing speed
	Wheel rolling frequency
	Corrugation formation function
	Instantaneous rolling radius of each wheel
	Torque around the -axis
	Longitudinal, transverse, and spin creepage
	Lateral vibration displacement responses of track
	Vertical vibration displacement responses of track
	The rail displacement in direction
	Rail torsional angle around -axis
	Reference mass in unit length of rail
	Rail section area
	Rail section torsional constant
	Part polar moment of inertia
	Elastic modulus
	Shear modulus
	The area moment of inertia of -axis and -axis
	Excitation circle frequency
	Sleeper spacing
	Longitudinal creep forces
	Track gauge