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| Dimension | Abbreviation | Full name of the sample | Source of sample data | Fetching and calibration |
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| Technological dimension | Business | Big data trading system | Statistical results of the government or official website publishing policies | Provinces with big data transaction systems take the value of 1, while those without taking the value of 0 |
| Platform | Government open data platform | The report of the 2020 second half of China open data index | Values are taken from the report |
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| Organizational dimension | Administrator | Government data management authority | Statistical results of the government or official website publishing policies | The existence of a special government data management authority takes the value of 1, while the absence of it takes the value of 0 |
| Human | The number of employees in the information transmission services and software industry | The data of China city statistical yearbook 2020 | Data results are derived from the sum of all municipal data for each province |
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| Environmental dimension | Economic | The level of regional digital economy development | 2020 China digital economy development index (DEDI) | Values are taken from the report |
| Location | Regional geographic location | Statistical results of the government or official website publishing policies | The value of 1 for the provinces or municipalities located in the national big data comprehensive pilot zone, and 0 for the provinces not located in the zone |
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| Outcome variable | Data | Data layer index | The report of the 2020 second half of China open data index | Values are taken from the report |
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