Innovation Facilitated by Universities: Balancing Enterprise and Regional Demands

Table 4

Preliminary empirical results of the macro data model.

Model		Model 2-1	Model 2-2	Model 2-3	Model 2-4
		OLS	Poisson panel (RE)	Poisson panel (RE)	Poisson panel (RE)
Explanatory variables	Coefficient of the range of quality among universities	36.041; (24.208)	7.604; (4.427)	7.675; (4.467)	8.005; (4.467)
	Square of coefficient of the quality difference among universities	−39.510; (22.103)	−5.796; (3.459)	−5.889; (3.450)	−8.889; (3.492)
Control variables	Internal expenditure for activities involving science and technology			−4.243; (9.138)	−3.675; (8.141)
	The number of full-time R&D personnel			0.764; (0.007)	0.164; (0.015)
	Per-capita GDP				8.638; (4.617)
	Index of marketization degree				1.588; (1.371)
	Constant term	2.257; (7.744)	−1.263; (2.357)	−1.172; (1.505)	1.602; (1.314)
Statistics of models	N	246	246	246	246
	Wald chi^2	3.481	35.370	139.315	174.832
	P	0.175	≤0.001	≤0.001	≤0.001

Note. 1. The values outside and inside parentheses represent estimated coefficients and standard errors, respectively; , , and represent significance levels of 1%, 5%, and 10%, respectively.