Innovation Facilitated by Universities: Balancing Enterprise and Regional Demands
Table 4
Preliminary empirical results of the macro data model.
Model
Model 2-1
Model 2-2
Model 2-3
Model 2-4
OLS
Poisson panel (RE)
Poisson panel (RE)
Poisson panel (RE)
Explanatory variables
Coefficient of the range of quality among universities
36.041 (24.208)
7.604 (4.427)
7.675 (4.467)
8.005 (4.467)
Square of coefficient of the quality difference among universities
−39.510 (22.103)
−5.796 (3.459)
−5.889 (3.450)
−8.889 (3.492)
Control variables
Internal expenditure for activities involving science and technology
−4.243 (9.138)
−3.675 (8.141)
The number of full-time R&D personnel
0.764 (0.007)
0.164 (0.015)
Per-capita GDP
8.638 (4.617)
Index of marketization degree
1.588 (1.371)
Constant term
2.257 (7.744)
−1.263 (2.357)
−1.172 (1.505)
1.602 (1.314)
Statistics of models
N
246
246
246
246
Wald chi2
3.481
35.370
139.315
174.832
P
0.175
≤0.001
≤0.001
≤0.001
Note. 1. The values outside and inside parentheses represent estimated coefficients and standard errors, respectively; ,, and represent significance levels of 1%, 5%, and 10%, respectively.