Reducing Multidimensional Poverty of Elderly: The Role of the New Rural Pension Scheme in China
Table 8
Poverty-reduction of NRPS (estimation by groups).
Variable
Grouped by quantile per capita income
Group by gender
Group by number of children
Bottom 25%
Upper 25%
Male
Female
Childless
Have children
Panel A: participating effect
Multipoverty
−0.4187 (0.1054)
−0.3882 (0.1988)
−0.3078 (0.0910)
−0.2097 (0.0859)
−0.0700 (0.2153)
−0.2720 (0.0659)
Lifepoverty
−0.1481 (0.1142)
−0.3778 (0.1597)
−0.0533 (0.0892)
−0.1458 (0.0837)
−0.1298 (0.2295)
−0.1057 (0.0639)
Healthpoverty
−0.2745 (0.1145)
−0.6560 (0.1749)
−0.3642 (0.0981)
−0.2627 (0.0865)
−0.4629 (0.2289)
−0.2971 (0.0684)
Socialpoverty
−0.0783 (0.1138)
0.1091 (0.1785)
−0.0231 (0.0948)
−0.907 (0.0875)
−0.0212 (0.2242)
−0.0789 (0.0678)
Swell-beingpoverty
−0.3069 (0.1082)
−0.4585 (0.1764)
−0.3397 (0.0910)
−0.1342 (0.0857)
−0.4724 (0.2121)
−0.2087 (0.0661)
IV (cpart_ratio)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Province fixed
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Year fixed
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Observations
4044
2165
7333
7743
1290
13786
Panel B: receiving effect
Multipoverty
−0.1627 (0.0418)
−0.2883 (0.1208)
−0.1798 (0.0418)
−0.1712 (0.0401)
−0.1888 (0.0537)
−0.1568 (0.0346)
Lifepoverty
−0.1497 (0.0463)
0.0826 (0.1017)
−0.0700 (0.0419)
−0.0650 (0.0400)
−0.0729 (0.0537)
−0.0712 (0.0347)
Healthpoverty
−0.0961 (0.0435)
−0.2501 (0.1035)
−0.0862 (0.0424)
−0.1545 (0.0391)
−0.2180 (0.0531)
−0.0742 (0.0344)
Socialpoverty
−0.0688 (0.0450)
−0.0899 (0.1164)
−0.0097 (0.0447)
−0.1357 (0.0418)
−0.1212 (0.0559)
−0.0445 (0.0364)
Swell-beingpoverty
0.0088 (0.0427)
−0.1592 (0.1126)
−0.0906 (0.0419)
−0.0141 (0.0402)
−0.0663 (0.0536)
−0.0356 (0.0345)
Province fixed
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Year fixed
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Observations
5010
902
5548
5908
3282
8174
Note: robust standard errors in brackets. The symbols ,, and indicate statistical significance at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively. And the control variables are the same as in Table 4. The per capita net income of the elderly is divided into four groups, and the results in the table compare the results of the lowest income group (25%) and the highest income group (75%).
