Reducing Multidimensional Poverty of Elderly: The Role of the New Rural Pension Scheme in China
Table 9
Poverty-reduction effect of the NRPS (fixed-effect panel model).
Variable
Multipoverty
Lifepoverty
Healthpoverty
Socialpoverty
Swell-beingpoverty
Panel A: participating effect (N=11320)
Participation
−0.1124 (0.0358)
0.0226 (0.0122)
−0.0615 (0.0331)
−0.0082 (0.0329)
−0.0942 (0.0351)
Constant
0.375 (1.8061)
2.857 (1.8854)
0.513 (1.1752)
−0.972 (1.7591)
−1.771 (1.8950)
Controls
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
IV (cpart_ratio)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Year fixed
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
R2
0.037
0.039
0.049
0.026
0.052
Number of PID
4721
4721
4721
4721
4721
Panel B: receiving effect (N=8612)
Pension
−0.0212 (0.0131)
−0.0078 (0.0115)
−0.0407 (0.0136)
−0.0093 (0.0122)
−0.0126 (0.0131)
LNpension_amount
−0.0033(0.0018)
−0.0012 (0.0016)
−0.0047 (0.0019)
−0.0012 (0.0017)
−0.0012 (0.0018)
Constant
1.0339 (0.2802)
1.0074 (0.3050)
1.4945 (0.2374)
1.4847 (0.2399)
−1.1662 (0.2982)
−1.1702 (0.3002)
1.3763 (0.2585)
1.3711 (0.2605)
2.5700 (0.2829)
2.5755 (0.2849)
Controls
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Year fixed
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
R2
0.0160
0.0161
0.0059
0.0059
0.0502
0.0496
0.0193
0.0193
0.0546
0.0545
Number of PID
3633
3633
3633
3633
3633
3633
3633
3633
3633
3633
Note: robust standard errors in brackets. The symbols ,, and indicate statistical significance at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively. And the control variables are the same as in Table 4. The FE model uses a sample with at least two-period observations. In panel A, the sample contains 4,721 individuals (PID) and includes 3,633 individuals (PID) in panel B. Furthermore, the first-stage F statistic is 841.71 in panel A.
