Modelling the Impact of Tourism on Mental Health of Chinese Residents: An Empirical Study
Table 3
Result of using instrumental variable to test the endogeneity of explanatory variable.
Variables
IVProbit β life_depress travel_dum
IVProbit β life_depress travel_dum
IVProbit β life_depress travel_dum
Travel_dum
−0.898
−0.788
−0.738
(0.183)
(0.257)
(0.295)
Lnmetotal
0.0499
0.0493
(0.00573)
(0.00589)
Lnincome
0.00467
0.00643
(0.00559)
(0.00572)
Exercise frequency
−0.00504
−0.00521
(0.00657)
(0.00680)
Dependency ratio
−0.0174
−0.0262
(0.0395)
(0.0405)
Employment
−0.228
−0.253
(0.0526)
(0.0537)
Job nature
0.0846
0.0461
(0.0568)
(0.0570)
Age
0.0163
0.0170
(0.00845)
(0.00861)
Age 2
−0.0130
−0.0117
(0.00839)
(0.00855)
Ever-married
−0.127
−0.124
(0.0830)
(0.0859)
Cohabitation
0.109
0.107
(0.263)
(0.273)
Divorce
0.282
0.303
(0.132)
(0.135)
Education
−0.138
−0.130
(0.0270)
(0.0286)
Constant
−1.711
−1.872
−0.738
(0.0396)
(0.199)
(0.295)
Provincial effect
No
No
Yes
Observations
24015
24015
24015
Note. Values included in the bracket refer to the robust standard error. ,, and represent, respectively, the evident results in the levels of 10%, 5%, and 1%.
