Syndecan-1 in Cancer: Implications for Cell Signaling, Differentiation, and Prognostication

Table 1

Prognostic significance of syndecan-1 in relation to its cellular localization.

	Stromal	Soluble	Cell Surface	References
	syndecan-1	syndecan-1	syndecan-1
Intrathoracic cancers
Lung		Unfavorable	Favorable	[91, 123, 124, 133, 134]
Mesothelioma		Unfavorable	Favorable	[124, 135]
Skin cancers
Basal cell carcinoma			Favorable	[136]
Squamous cell carcinoma (oral and cutaneous)	Favorable		Favorable	[94, 137]
Head and neck cancers
Head and neck	Unfavorable		Favorable	[129, 138–140]
Laryngeal, hypopharynx		Unfavorable		[141]
Nasopharyngeal			Inconclusive	[142, 143]
Gastrointestinal cancers
Gastric	Unfavorable		Favorable	[144–147]
Colorectal	Unfavorable		Inconclusive	[127, 128, 148, 149]
Hepatocellular			Favorable	[150]
Pancreatic			Unfavorable	[151]
Breast cancer
Breast cancer	Inconclusive		Inconclusive	[131, 152–157]
Urogenital cancers
Cervical			Favorable	[158]
Ovarial	Unfavorable		Unfavorable	[159]
Endometrial	Unfavorable		Inconclusive	[126, 160]
Prostate	Unfavorable		Inconclusive	[93, 125, 161]
Bladder	Unfavorable	Unfavorable	Favorable	[162, 163]
Urothelial	Unfavorable			[164]
Hematological malignancies
Myeloma			Unfavorable	[165–168]
Hodgkin’s lymphoma			Unfavorable	[169]
Other cancers
Thyroid	Unfavorable		Unfavorable	[130]
Liposarcoma			Unfavorable	[170]

denotes inconclusive results, where different studies show opposite prognosis.