Postnatal Changes in Humerus Cortical Bone Thickness Reflect the Development of Metabolic Bone Disease in Preterm Infants

Table 2

Comparison of demographic data of preterm infants with and without decreasing cortical bone thickness at 36–44 weeks of postmenstrual age.

Characteristic	Decreasing cortical; bone thickness; ()	Nondecreasing; cortical bone thickness; ()	p value
Cortical bone thickness at birth (mm)	0.96 (0.62–1.15)	0.96 (0.73–1.33)	0.95
Cortical bone thickness at 36–44 weeks of PMA	0.53 (0.40–0.67)	1.05 (0.87–1.39)	<0.01
Male sex, (%)	3 (50.0)	11 (57.9)	>0.99
Gestational age (weeks)	23 (22–27)	28 (25–31)	<0.01
Birth weight (g)	545 (412–568)	1064 (552–1474)	<0.01
SGA (<tenth percentile), (%)	1 (16.7)	4 (21.0)	>0.99
Days of enteral feeding > 100 mL/kg/day (day)	24 (11–32)	16 (7–55)	0.19
Calcium administration (mg/kg/day)	28.0 (20.7–50.0)	45.9 (20.7–57.5)	0.48
Phosphorus administration (mg/kg/day)	29.1 (14.5–39.6)	33.1 (15.5–61.3)	0.34
Vitamin D administration (IU/kg/day)	166.5 (29.2–212.0)	137.5 (13.3–211.2)	0.80
Total dosage of hydrocortisone (mg/kg)	28.7 (12.0–45.4)	20.5 (0.0–56.8)	0.14
Diuretic drug use, (%)	5 (83.3)	8 (42.1)	0.16
Duration of mechanical ventilation (days)	82 (39–90)	31 (1–80)	<0.01
Duration of intravenous sedation (days)	16 (1–72)	10 (0–55)	0.80
PDA, (%)	3 (50.0)	6 (31.9)	0.63
NEC, (%)	1 (16.7)	0 (0)	0.24
Sepsis (hemoculture positive), (%)	1 (16.7)	0 (0)	0.24
BPD (oxygen at 28 days of life), (%)	6 (100)	14 (73.7)	0.30
Fracture, (%)	2 (33.3%)	0 (0)	0.05

BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; cPVL, cystic periventricular leukomalacia; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; PMA, postmenstrual age; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity; SGA, small for gestational age.
Values are expressed as median (range) or number (%).