| | Nr crt | Molecular pathway | Roles |
| | (1) | p63 | Proliferation, self-renewal, development,
morphogenesis, tumorigenesis |
| | (2) | SRF/MAL | Differentiation, development, cytoskeletal regulation |
| | (3) | mTOR | Senescence, cell size, tumorigenesis
oxidative stress [55] |
| | (4) | p75 | Apoptosis, communication, differentiation |
| | (5) | Hippo | Organ size, antiproliferative, apoptosis
maintenance, antitumorigenic |
| | (6) | Notch | Differentiation, morphogenesis, suprabasal switch [56] |
| | (7) | FOXM1 | Proliferation, genome instability, tumorigenesis |
| | (8) | p38 MAPK | Proliferation, wound healing, differentiation, cell migration, invasivity, tumorigenesis [55] |
| | (9) | BMP | Proliferation, differentiation, plasticity, wound
healing |
| | (10) | TGFβ | Proliferation, immortalization, tumorigenesis
[38, 41–44] |
| | (11) | TGFα | Proliferation, hyperplasia, immortalization,
tumorigenesis |
| | (12) | EGFR | Proliferation, maintenance, tumorigenesis [57–59] |
| | (13) | c-myc | Proliferation, differentiation, tumorigenesis |
| | (14) | Shh | Development, morphogenesis, proliferation
cell survival |
| | (15) | Wnt | Proliferation, self-renewal, wound healing, morphogenesis, tumorigenesis |
|
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