Review Article

Cytokine Profile in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with and without Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Cytokine profile in the crevicular fluid among study groups.

Author et al., yearStudy groupsType of assayCytokines evaluatedMain outcomes

Duzagac et al. [17], 2015Group 1: OBCP ()
Group 2: NBCP ()
Group 3: NBNP ()
ELISAAdiponectin, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10GCF concentrations of adiponectin, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 were comparable in OBCP and NBCP

Gonçalves et al. [19], 2015Group 1: OBCP ()
Group 2: NBCP ()
ELISAResistin, adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, and IL-6GCF concentrations of adiponectin, leptin, IL-6, TNF-α, and resistin were comparable in OBCP and NBCP

Pradeep et al. [20], 2015Group 1: OBCP ()
Group 2: NBCP ()
Group 3: OBNP ()
Group 4: NBNP ()
ELISALipocalin-2GCF lipocalin-2 concentrations were higher in OBCP compared to NBCP

Pradeep et al. [21], 2016Group 1: OBCP ()
Group 2: NBCP ()
Group 3: OBNP ()
Group 4: NBNP ()
ELISAVaspinGCF vaspin levels were comparable in OBCP and NBCP

Öngöz Dede et al. [22], 2016Group 1: OBCP ()
Group 2: NBCP ()
Group 3: OBG ()
Group 4: NBG ()
Group 5: OBNP ()
Group 6: NBNP ()
ELISA8-OHdGGCF 8-OHdG levels were comparable in OBCP and NBCP

Patel and Raju [23], 2014Group 1: OBCP ()
Group 2: NBCP ()
Group 3: NBNP ()
ELISAResistinGCF resistin levels were comparable in OBCP and NBCP

Fadel et al. [24], 2014Group 1: OBCP ()
Group 2: NBCP ()
ELISAIL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, leptin, resistin, PAI-1, adiponectin, and adipsinGCF levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, leptin, resistin, PAI-1, adiponectin, and adipsin were comparable in OBCP and NBCP

Zimmermann et al. [6], 2013Group 1: OBCP ()
Group 2: NBCP ()
Group 3: OBNP ()
Group 4: NBNP ()
ELISAResistin, adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, and IL-6GCF concentrations of resistin, adiponectin, leptin, and IL-6 were comparable in OBCP and NBCP
TNF-α level was higher in OBCP compared to NBCP

Pradeep et al. [25], 2013Group 1: OBCP ()
Group 2: NBCP ()
Group 3: OBNP ()
Group 4: NBNP ()
ELISAMCP-4, hsCRPGCF levels of MCP-4 were higher in OBCP as compared to NBCP
GCF levels of hsCRP were comparable between OBCP and NBCP

Pradeep et al. [26], 2012Group 1: OBCP ()
Group 2: NBCP ()
Group 3: OBNP ()
Group 4: NBNP ()
ELISAProgranulin, hsCRPGCF levels of PGRN were higher in OBCP compared to NBCP
GCF levels of hsCRP were comparable between OBCP and NBCP

Modéer et al. [16], 2011Group 1: OBCP ()
Group 2: NBCP ()
ELISAAdiponectin, PAI-1, IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-αIL-1β and IL-8 were higher in OBCP compared to NBCP
PAI-1, TNF-α, and adiponectin were comparable in OBCP and NBCP

OBCP: obese with periodontitis, NBCP: nonobese with periodontitis, OBNP: obese with no periodontitis; OBG: obese with gingivitis; NBG: nonobese with gingivitis, NBNP: nonobese with no periodontitis, GCF: gingival crevicular fluid, ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL: interleukin, hsCRP: high sensitivity c-reactive protein, 8-OhdG: 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine, ICAM: intercellular adhesion molecule, PAI-1: plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and MCP-4: monocyte chemoattractant protein-4.