Anti-Mullerian Hormone: Above and Beyond Conventional Ovarian Reserve Markers

Table 2

Summary of available evidence for clinical applications of anti-Mullerian hormone.

Year	Author	Sample size	Study	Outcomes
2013	Fleming et al. [66]	= 683 PCOS	Meta-analysis	AMH value of 4.7 ng/mL has the power to diagnose PCOS with; (i) 79.4% specificity and 82.8% sensitivity & AUC = 0.87 (95% CI 0.83–0.92)
2011	Karkanaki et al. [2]		Review	Decreased AMH in; (i) Ageing, higher BMI, ovariectomy, chemo/radio therapy, GnRH administration, pregnancy, and oral contraceptive pills; Raised AMH in polycystic ovarian syndrome
2013	Lindhardt Johansen et al. [1]		Review	Diagnostic role of AMH in pediatric group includes the following: (i) Determination of testicular tissue; (ii) Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome; (iii) Females with virilization and polycystic ovaries; (iv) Premature ovarian insufficiency; (v) Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism; (vi) Klinefelter syndrome; (vii) Granulosa cell tumor
2011	Yates et al. [57]	Case; = 423; Control; =346	Retrospective	AMH tailor individualized ovarian stimulation significantly; (i) Increased embryo transfer (79–87%) and live birth rates (15.9–23.9%); (ii) Decreased OHSS (6.9 to 2.3%) and failed fertilization (7.8 to 4.5%); (iii) Reduced cost of fertility treatment by 29% per patient
2014	Broer et al. [21]		Review	Novel indications for use of AMH for ovarian reserve testing in; (i) Small for gestational age; (ii) Type I diabetes mellitus; (iii) Autoimmune diseases like lupus erythematous; (iv) Ovarian surgery and uterine artery embolization for fibroids; (v) BRCA 1/2 mutation carriers