Urinary APE1/Ref-1: A Potential Bladder Cancer Biomarker

Table 1

Clinicopathological characteristics of patients with bladder cancer.

	Control	Bladder cancer		Total
		NMIBC	MIBC
	108	157	12	169
Age (mean ± SEM)	60.9 ± 16.3	68.4 ± 10.4	66.0 ± 9.3	68.23
Sex (%)
Male	62 (57.4)	133 (84.7)	10 (83.3)	205 (74.0)
Female	46 (42.6)	24 (15.3)	2 (16.7)	72 (26.0)
Smoking history	58 (48.3)	98 (62.4)	8 (66.7)	106 (62.7)
Median tumor size (cm)	n.a.	1.7	3.7	2.4
Number of tumor multiplicities	n.a.	86 (55.8)	10 (66.7)	96 (56.8)
Tumor stage	n.a.
Ta		108 (68.8)		108 (63.9)
T1		49 (31.2)		49 (17.7)
T2			10 (83.3)	10 (3.6)
T3-4			2 (16.7)	2 (0.7)
Tumor grade	n.a.
Low		98 (62.4)	0 (0.0)	98 (58.0)
High		59 (37.6)	12 (100.0)	71 (42.0)
No recurrence	n.a.	90 (57.3)	8 (66.7)	98 (58.0)
Previous recurrence		67 (42.7)	4 (33.3)	71 (42.0)

n.a.: nonapplicable; NMIBC: non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer; MIBC: muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Numbers in parentheses are percentages.