Is Urinary NGAL Determination Useful for Monitoring Kidney Function and Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease? A 12-Month Observation of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of the studied group of 55 T2DM patients with respect to cardiovascular complications of diabetes.
Patients with cardiovascular complications ()
Patients without cardiovascular complications ()
Age, years
70 ± 11
59 ± 15
0.022
Female sex
10 (53)
19 (53)
1.0
Ischemic heart disease, (%)
17 (89)
—
—
Heart failure, (%)
6 (32)
—
—
Systemic atherosclerosis, (%)
5 (26)
—
—
T2DM duration, years
7 (4–10)
5 (1–10)
0.1
Hypertension, (%)
16 (84)
26 (72)
0.3
Dyslipidemia, (%)
18 (95)
33 (92)
0.7
BMI, kg/m2
32.6 ± 7.6
30.8 ± 5.2
0.5
, %
6.2 (6.1–6.6)
7.5 (6.2–9.4)
0.2
WBC, 103/μL
8.0 (5.3–9.7)
7.1 (5.9–8.4)
0.8
Serum creatinine, μmol/L
64.5 (60.1–82.2)
65.8 (58.8–76.9)
0.6
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2
87 (71–94)
95 (81–99)
0.07
Albuminuria, mg/L
12.3 (7.2–41.2)
9.5 (6.3–13.4)
0.048
uACR, mg/g
16.0 (7.5–53.6)
7.8 (3.4–13.2)
0.005
uNGAL, μg/L
22.3 (10.4–56.9)
18.8 (8.8–42.6)
0.7
uNCR, μg/g
29.1 (13.4–58.8)
16.2 (9.5–38.8)
0.038
T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; , number of patients; BMI, body mass index; , hemoglobin ; WBC, white blood cells; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; uNGAL, urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; uNCR, urinary NGAL/creatinine ratio; uACR, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio; NS, nonsignificant result.
