The Effect of Oseltamivir on the Disease Progression of Lethal Influenza A Virus Infection: Plasma Cytokine and miRNA Responses in a Mouse Model

Table 1

Significantly dysregulated circulating miRNAs in oseltamivir treated/untreated mice infected with lethal influenza A virus.

	Prophylactic group; (1000 TCID50)	Therapeutic group; (1000 TCID50)	Therapeutic group; (100 TCID50)
Day 1	miR-150, miR-20a, miR-221, miR-223, miR-342-3p, miR-423-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-484, miR-486, miR-574-3p, miR-1896, miR-1897-5p, miR-202, miR-877	NS	miR-484
Day 2	miR-1896, miR-345	NS	NS
Day 3	miR-351, miR-503, miR-877	miR-130a, miR-150, miR-199a-3p, miR-22, miR-23a, miR-23b, miR-342-3p, miR-365, miR-382, miR-423-3p, miR-574-3p, miR-345, miR-345-5p, and miR-34c	NS
Day 4	miR-150, miR-23a, miR-351	miR-150, miR-23a, miR-342-3p, miR-382, miR-423-3p, miR-433, miR-484, miR-486, miR-1896, miR-345, miR-34c, miR-503, miR-685, and miR-877	miR-423-3p, miR-433, miR-574-3p, and miR-877
Day 5	let-7e, miR-150, miR-22, miR-23a, miR-365, miR-574-3p, miR-1896, miR-345, miR-34c, miR-503	NS	let-7e, miR-130a, miR-150, miR-200b, miR-20a, miR-22, miR-221, miR-223, miR-23a, miR-23b, miR-382, miR-433, miR-486, miR-1897-5p, miR-202, miR-503, and miR-877
Day 6	let-7e, miR-200b, miR-20a, miR-22, miR-221, miR-1896, miR-685	miR-199a-3p, miR-342-3p, miR-365, miR-345-5p, miR-34c, and miR-706	miR-223, miR-23b, and miR-1897-5p
Day 7	—	miR-130a, miR-199a-3p, miR-200b, miR-20a, miR-22, miR-221, miR-223, miR-23b, miR-342-3p, miR-365, miR-382, and miR-345	miR-365
Day 8	—	—	miR-351
Day 9	—	—	miR-130a, miR-223, miR-23b, miR-342-3p, miR-382, miR-486, miR-1897-5p, miR-345-5p, and miR-877

Statistically significant unique miRNA expression patterns ( and 0.01) from days 1 to 9 in the plasma of mice infected with lethal mouse adapted influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) virus and treated with oseltamivir phosphate either prophylactically or therapeutically compared with the corresponding plasma miRNAs of infected mice. For the prophylactic group, mice were infected with 1000 TCID50 virus and treated 2 h before infection with oseltamivir. The therapeutic groups were infected with 1000 or 100 TCID50 virus and treated 24 h postinfection. Prophylactic and therapeutic groups were administered with oseltamivir 10 mg/kg by oral gavage twice daily for 5 days. An infected group gavaged with distilled water was added as control. The miRNAs shown in bold were downregulated. NS: no significant miRNAs detected.