Research Article
Growth Differentiation Factor-15 Is a Predictor of Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis
Table 2
Correlations of GDF-15 with clinical scores and other laboratory markers.
| | All patients | Sepsis | Nonsepsis | | | | | | |
| Markers of inflammation | CRP | 0.268 | <0.001 | 0.137 | n.s. | 0.256 | 0.029 | Procalcitonin | 0.328 | 0.007 | 0.277 | 0.049 | 0.321 | n.s. | IL10 | 0.266 | 0.005 | 0.365 | 0.004 | 0.053 | n.s. | IL6 | 0.293 | <0.001 | 0.203 | 0.032 | 0.372 | 0.006 | Markers of organ dysfunction | Creatinine | 0.481 | <0.001 | 0.301 | <0.001 | 0.373 | 0.001 | Cystatin | 0.553 | <0.001 | 0.490 | <0.001 | 0.409 | <0.001 | GFR | −0.489 | <0.001 | 0.490 | <0.001 | 0.626 | <0.001 | AST | 0.257 | <0.001 | 0.455 | <0.001 | 0.352 | 0.011 | ALT | 0.096 | n.s. | 0.256 | 0.003 | 0.370 | 0.002 | GLDH | 0.232 | 0.001 | 0.076 | n.s. | 0.297 | 0.011 | Bilirubin | 0.195 | 0.004 | 0.224 | 0.012 | 0.354 | 0.003 | γGT | 0.200 | 0.003 | 0.14 | n.s. | 0.304 | 0.01 | PCHE | −0.149 | 0.037 | 0.12 | n.s. | 0.347 | 0.003 | Prothrombin time | −0.314 | <0.001 | −0.121 | n.s. | −0.084 | n.s. | Albumin | −0.206 | 0.028 | 0.235 | 0.036 | −0.125 | n.s. | Urea | 0.440 | <0.001 | 0.387 | <0.001 | 0.451 | <0.001 | Lactate | 0.222 | 0.001 | 0.333 | <0.001 | 0.111 | n.s. | LDH | 0.244 | <0.001 | 0.176 | 0.033 | .375 | 0.001 | NT-proBNP | 0.278 | 0.024 | 0.328 | 0.019 | −0.077 | n.s. | Fibrinogen | 0.093 | n.s. | −0.027 | n.s. | 0.074 | n.s. | Clinical scores | APACHE II | 0.349 | <0.001 | 0.363 | <0.001 | 0.177 | n.s. | SOFA | 0.326 | <0.001 | 0.371 | 0.001 | 0.176 | n.s. | SAPS2 | 0.394 | 0.001 | 0.554 | <0.001 | 0.168 | n.s. | New and experimental biomarkers | APRIL | 0.314 | <0.001 | 0.201 | 0.04 | 0.409 | 0.001 | Ghrelin | −0.181 | n.s. | −0.293 | n.s. | −0.013 | n.s. | Adiponectin | 0.246 | 0.065 | 0.192 | n.s. | 0.279 | n.s. | Resistin | 0.287 | 0.031 | 0.256 | n.s. | −0.063 | n.s. | Leptin | −0.122 | n.s. | −0.135 | n.s. | −0.053 | n.s. | NT-proCNP | 0.431 | <0.001 | 0.549 | <0.001 | −0.001 | n.s. | suPAR | 0.441 | <0.001 | 0.368 | <0.001 | 0.444 | 0.005 |
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ALT: alanine aminotransferase; APACHE: acute physiology and chronic health evaluation score; APRIL: a proliferation-inducing ligand; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CRP: C-reactive protein; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; γGT: gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; GLDH: glutamate dehydrogenase; IL10: interleukin 10; IL6: interleukin 6; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; NT-proCNP: amino-terminal propeptide of C-type natriuretic peptide; PCHE: pseudocholinesterase; SAPS2: simplified acute physiology score; SOFA: sepsis-related organ failure assessment score; suPAR: soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor.
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