Interleukin-34 Synovial Fluid Was Associated with Knee Osteoarthritis Severity: A Cross-Sectional Study in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients in Different Radiographic Stages
Table 1
Baseline clinical characteristics and IL-34 levels.
Controls ()
OA patients total ()
KL grade 2 ()
KL grade 3 ()
KL grade 4 ()
Age (years)
64 (56–74)
67 (59–73)
66 (58–74)
68 (61–72)
66 (61–72)
Female, (%)
44 (68.75%)
122 (67.03%)
47 (71.21%)
42 (61.76%)
33 (70.21%)
BMI (kg/mm2)
22.96 ± 2.29
23.30 ± 2.11
23.21 ± 2.08
23.25 ± 2.21
23.50 ± 2.07
WOMAC scores
44 (33–57)
34 (23–45)
46 (36–57)
57 (44–65)
Serum IL-34 levels (pg/ml)
129.87 (88.66–214.49)
121.35 (86.84–177.70)
107.50 (80.19–195.32)
128.33 (98.06–196.94)
121.25 (91.01–172.32)
SF IL-34 levels (pg/ml)
222.55 (126.68–319.75)
154.10 (117.71–237.07)
226.44 (147.23–329.63)
256.18 (212.09–432.08)
All values are expressed as the percentages, median (interquartile range), or mean ± SD. IL-34: interleukin-34; OA: osteoarthritis; KL grade: Kellgren-Lawrence grade; BMI: body mass index; WOMAC: Western Ontario McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index; SF: synovial fluid.
