Clinical Applications of Adiponectin Measurements in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Screening, Diagnosis, and Marker of Diabetes Control

Table 1

Clinical and anthropometric characteristics of study subjects screened for glycemic status grouped by degree of adiposity.

BMI (kg/m^2)	Normal (BMI < 25)	Overweight (24.9–30)	Obese (>30)	(Kruskal-Wallis)
Age (yrs)	25.7 ± 8.2	28.9 ± 8.9	31.8 ± 8.8	<0.0001
WC (cms)	83.8 ± 9.2	95 ± 9	108.7 ± 12.6	<0.0001
SBP (mm/Hg)	109 ± 10	115 ± 15	116 ± 13	0.001
DBP (mm/Hg)	69 ± 8	72 ± 8	74 ± 7	<0.0001
TC (mmol/L)	4.48 ± 0.82	4.93 ± 0.98	5.15 ± 1.13	<0.0001
TG (mmol/L)	0.81 ± 0.54	1.09 ± 0.72	1.32 ± 0.95	<0.0001
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.25 ± 0.36	1.18 ± 0.33	1.16 ± 0.31	0.23
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.79 ± 0.71	3.04 ± 0.83	3.34 ± 0.92	<0.0001
ALT (IU/L)	22.52 ± 17.05	24.63 ± 15.34	27.37 ± 16.57	<0.0001
Insulin (μU/mL)	5.38 ± 4.68	6.8 ± 6.07	10.86 ± 9.47	<0.0001
S%	143.19 ± 59.44	122.24 ± 54.92	94.4 ± 51.81	<0.0001
B%	87.55 ± 36.83	100.43 ± 67.71	111.05 ± 54.5	<0.0001
HOMA-IR	0.9 ± 0.65	1.07 ± 0.74	1.46 ± 1.04	<0.0001
Glucose (mmol/L)	5 ± 0.99	5.05 ± 0.66	5.22 ± 1.03	0.03
HbA1c (%)	5.88 ± 0.83	5.87 ± 0.62	8.75 ± 26.39	0.001
Adiponectin (μg/mL)	8.95 ± 3.82	8.57 ± 5.12	6.82 ± 2.97	<0.0001

Abbreviations: WC: waist circumference; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; S%: insulin sensitivity; B%: beta cell function; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation