Clinical Applications of Adiponectin Measurements in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Screening, Diagnosis, and Marker of Diabetes Control

Table 2

Clinical and anthropometric characteristics of subjects screened for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

HbA1c	Normal (<5.7%)	Undiagnosed diabetes (≥6.5%)	(Mann–Whitney U)
Age (yrs)	28.2 ± 8.6	32 ± 9.7	0.019
WC (cms)	93.6 ± 16.0	104.6 ± 14.7	<0.0001
SBP (mm/Hg)	113 ± 13	120 ± 17	0.005
DBP (mm/Hg)	73 ± 9	73 ± 10	0.37
TC (mmol/L)	4.65 ± 0.91	5.02 ± 0.9	0.001
TG (mmol/L)	1.0 ± 0.71	1.28 ± 0.69	<0.0001
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.20 ± 0.34	1.07 ± 0.26	0.007
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.96 ± 0.76	3.32 ± 0.81	<0.0001
ALT (IU/L)	23.42 ± 16.57	30.91 ± 19.24	<0.0001
Insulin (μU/mL)	7.46 ± 6.95	11.87 ± 11.33	<0.0001
S%	119.31 ± 56.71	91.43 ± 54.42	0.002
B%	101.52 ± 54.32	110.15 ± 70.08	0.1
HOMA-IR	1.12 ± 0.79	1.66 ± 1.42	0.002
Glucose (mmol/L)	4.97 ± 0.64	5.91 ± 1.76	<0.0001
HbA1c (%)	5.63 ± 0.40	7.58 ± 1.14	<0.0001
Adiponectin (μg/mL)	8.57 ± 4.42	6.92 ± 2.86	<0.0001

Abbreviations: WC: waist circumference; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; S%: insulin sensitivity; B%: beta cell function; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation.