Biomarkers in Urachal Cancer and Adenocarcinomas in the Bladder: A Comprehensive Review Supplemented by Own Data

Table 1

Review data of the cohort (a) and in association with survival data (b). UrC: urachal cancer; NOS: not otherwise specified; n/a: data not available; UC: urothelial carcinoma; SCC: squamous cell carcinoma; npl.: neoplasms; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; ref.: reference group. Data analysis was not feasible due to insufficient number of cases; ^{^}Cut-off values were chosen after partition tests.

(a)

	n	%
Studies	319	100
Original study	72	22.6
Case report	235	73.7
Missing information	12	3.7
UrC total	1984	100
UrC adenocarcinoma total	1834	100
UrC adenocarcinoma specific type	1144	62.4
Mucinous	647	56.6
Enteric	172	15.0
NOS	157	13.7
Mixed	96	8.4
Signet ring	72	6.3
UrC adenocarcinoma type n/a	690	37.6
UrC nonadenocarcinoma	150	100
UrC nonadenocarcinoma specific type	124	82.7
UC	58	46.8
Sarcoma	34	27.4
SCC	26	21.0
Neuroendocrine npl.	6	4.8
UrC nonadenocarcinoma type n/a	26	17.3
Gender information available	1491	100
Male	936	62.8
Female	555	37.2
Age (mean/median) in years	48.6/50.8
Tumor size (mean/median) in cm	7.1/6.0

(b)

	Overall survival			Progression-free survival
	HR	95% CI		HR	95% CI
UrC type
Adenocarcinoma	2.031	0.452–9.117	0.355	4.782	0.626–36.506	0.131
Nonadenocarcinoma	ref.			ref.
UrC adenocarcinoma
Mucinous	0.888	0.192–4.095	0.879	0.736	0.203–2.667	0.641
Nonmucinous	ref.			ref.
UrC nonadenocarcinoma
UC	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Non-UC	ref.			ref.
Gender
Male	0.629	0.276–1.430	0.268	0.197	0.039–0.981	0.047
Female	ref.			ref.
Age^^
<45 years	1.880	0.769–4.598	0.167	1.534	0.652–3.610	0.327
>45 years	ref.			ref.
Tumor size^^
<7.0 cm	2.644	0.502–13.923	0.251	2.943	0.592–14.622	0.187
>7.0 cm	ref			ref.