Levels of CEACAM6 in Peripheral Blood Are Elevated in Patients with Plasma Cell Disorders: A Potential New Diagnostic Marker and a New Therapeutic Target?
Table 1
Patient demographics and characteristics ().
Parameter
MGUS
NDMM
RRMM
%
%
%
Median age (range) (years)
66 (58-74)
73 (61-79)
62 (53-68)
Sex
F
14
31
19
42
12
27
M
24
40
23
38
13
22
ISS stage
I
n.a.
8
50
8
50
II
n.a.
11
58
8
42
III
n.a.
23
72
9
28
Type of Ig heavy chain
IgG
20
35
21
36
17
29
IgM
13
87
0
0
2
13
IgA
3
25
8
67
1
8
IgD
0
0
1
100
0
0
Light chain only
2
11
12
63
5
26
Type of Ig light chain
Kappa
23
35
27
42
15
23
Lambda
15
37.5
15
37.5
10
25
β-2 microglobulin>UNV
17
25
33
48
19
27
LDH>UNV
5
26
6
32
8
42
mg/dl
12
26
25
53
10
21
Serum calcium>UNV
1
8
8
61
4
31
dl
15
22
34
50
19
28
Osteolytic bone lesions
1
2
35
57
25
41
Cytogenetic standard risk
4
19
13
62
4
19
Cytogenetic high risk
3
8
20
50
17
42
Cytogenetic not available
31
70
9
21
4
9
Plasma cells in BM (median; range)
3 (1.5-5)
30 (7.2-70)
50 (18-80)
Therapy lines at sample collection
1-2
1
11
2
22
6
67
≥3
0
0
0
0
19
100
PI-based therapy
0
0
0
0
11
100
IMiD-based therapy
1
9
2
18
8
73
PI+IMiD-based therapy
0
0
0
0
3
100
Other therapies
0
0
0
0
3
100
No therapy
37
48
40
52
0
0
: number of patients; ISS: international staging system; Ig: immunoglobulin; UNV: upper normal value; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; IMiD: immunomodulatory drugs; PI: proteasome inhibitor; BM: bone marrow; n.a.: not applicable. Cytogenetic defined high-risk disease (i.e., del17p13, t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14/20), and 1q21 gain). All others are considered standard risk.
