Review Article

Prognostic Value of Lymphovascular Invasion in Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma after Radical Nephroureterectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Outcomes of studies included in meta-analysis.

YearAuthorPFS HR (95% CI)CSS HR (95% CI)OS HR (95% CI)No. of covariatesAdjusted variables (part)

2018Ikeda et al.2.51 (1.552-4.07)3.5 (1.954-6.259)NA11Age, gender, tumor location, pN, history of BC, adjuvant therapy, pT, tumor grade, CIS, tumor architecture
2018Kohada et al.2.65 (1.52-4.67)2.62 (1.06-6.96)NA5pT, tumor grade, hydronephrosis
2018Abe et al.1.162 (0.647-2.133)2.11 (0.988-4.839)1.326 (0.697-2.52)3pN, pT, tumor grade
2018Kim et al.1.76 (1.4-2.21)1.9 (1.49-2.44)1.85 (1.48-2.31)14Age, gender, operation, tumor location, pN, history of BC, adjuvant therapy, pT, tumor grade, CIS, BMI
2018Tan et al.1.02 (0.73-1.43)1.16 (0.79-1.7)1.16 (0.82-1.65)14Age, gender, tumor location, pN, adjuvant therapy, pT, tumor grade, tumor architecture, multifocality
2018Kim et al.1.859 (1.464-2.36)1.829 (1.43-2.338)1.776 (1.36-2.32)8Tumor grade, tumor architecture, margin status, pN
2017Huang et al.NA1.72 (1.14-2.59)1.51 (1.04-2.2)6Age, pN, pT, tumor grade, multifocality
2017Nakagawa et al.2.02 (0.85-5.61)3.02 (0.76-20.43)NA5Age, adjuvant therapy, tumor grade, hydronephrosis
2017Cho et al.1.69 (1.37-2.09)2.78 (1.88-4.1)1.98 (1.42-2.77)19Age, gender, operation, tumor location, pN, history of BC, pT, CIS, hydronephrosis, multifocality, BMI
2016Tai et al.1.05 (0.56-1.95)NANA3Tumor location, pT, tumor grade
2016Shibing et al.0.802 (0.6-1.072)0.909 (0.68-1.215)0.913 (0.695-1.2)10Age, operation, tumor location, pN, pT, tumor grade, tumor architecture
2016Song et al.3.165 (0.487-20.565)4.898 (0.563-42.626)NA15Age, gender, tumor location, history of BC, pT, tumor grade, hydronephrosis
2016Kobayashi et al.2.02 (1.46-2.8)2.28 (1.55-3.36)NA6Age, gender, pN, adjuvant therapy, pT, tumor grade
2016Waseda et al.2.7 (1.97-3.69)2.83 (1.95-4.1)NA5Age, tumor location, pN, pT, tumor grade
2016Mbeutcha et al.NA1.23 (0.83-1.81)1.35 (0.98-1.87)12Age, gender, tumor location, pN, history of BC, adjuvant therapy, pT, tumor grade, CIS, tumor architecture
2016Matsumoto et al.1.88 (0.73-5.03)1.32 (0.46-3.82)1.07 (0.44-2.61)6pT, tumor grade
2016Kim et al.NA1.82 (0.99-3.32)NA3Tumor location, history of BC, tumor grade
2015Tanaka et al.NANA1.67 (1.01-2.74)4Age, adjuvant therapy, pT, tumor grade
2015Hara et al.3.19 (2.09-4.87)NANA16Age, gender, operation, tumor location, pN, history of BC, adjuvant therapy, pT, tumor grade, margin status
2015Lee et al.1.71 (1-2.93)1.38 (0.69-2.75)NA4pN, pT, tumor grade
2015Kang et al.NA3.097 (1.81-5.297)2.4 (1.469-3.921)9Age, adjuvant therapy, pT, tumor grade, margin status, multifocality, adjuvant therapy, BMI
2015Milojevic et al.0.58 (0.32-1.07)NANA5pN, history of BC, adjuvant therapy, pT, tumor grade
2014Aziz et al.2.7 (1.59-4.57)2.5 (1.45-4.3)1.91 (1.22-2.98)10Age, tumor location, pN, pT, tumor grade, tumor architecture, multifocality
2013Liu et al.NA1.16 (0.818-1.645)NA13Age, gender, operation, tumor location, pN, adjuvant therapy, pT, tumor grade, margin status, multifocality
2013Hurel et al.2.14 (1.38-3.3)1.73 (1.01-2.95)NA8Age, tumor location, pN, adjuvant therapy, pT, tumor grade, margin status
2013Ouzzane et al.NANA1.57 (1.03-2.4)6Age, tumor location, pN, pT, tumor grade, margin status
2012Chromecki et al.1.31 (1.1-1.57)1.41 (1.16-1.72)NA10Age, gender, tumor location, pN, adjuvant therapy, pT, tumor grade, tumor architecture, multifocality

NA: not available; BC: bladder cancer; PFS: progression-free survival; CSS: cancer-specific survival; OS: overall survival; HR: hazard ratio; CIS: carcinoma in situ; pT: pathological tumor stage; pN: pathological lymph node.