Thyroxine Alleviates Energy Failure, Prevents Myocardial Cell Apoptosis, and Protects against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Injury and Cardiac Dysfunction via the LKB1/AMPK/mTOR Axis in Mice

Figure 3

Left ventricular function was measured by echocardiography and analysis of hemodynamic data in mice treated with PBS or thyroxine (1.25 mg/kg) after administration of saline or DOX (15 mg/kg) for 5 days. (a–c) HR, LVEF, and FS were evaluated in the three groups by echocardiography. (d–g) Positive and negative dP/dt max, LVSP, and LVEDP were assessed in each group based on hemodynamic data. in each group. vs. control group; ^# vs. DOX group.

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