Research Article
Endocan Is an Independent Predictor of Heart Failure-Related Mortality and Hospitalizations in Patients with Chronic Stable Heart Failure
Table 1
Baseline clinical and laboratorial characteristics of patients included in the study.
| | All patients
| Event
| Event-free
| |
| | Age (years) () | | | | 0.745 | | Gender (male), (%) | 77 (64) | 37 (74) | 43 (61) | 0.172 | | HF etiology, (%) | | | | | | Ischemic | 61 (51) | 31 (62) | 31 (44) | 0.018 | | Nonischemic | 59 (49) | 19 (38) | 39 (56) | | LVEF (%) () | | | | <0.001 | | NYHA class, (%) | | | | | | II | 77 (64) | 23 (46) | 53 (76) | 0.001 | | III | 43 (36) | 27 (54) | 17 (24) | | 6 MWT (m) () | | | | 0.002 | | MLHF (pt) () | | | | 0.203 | | KI (%) | 52 (43) | 25 (50) | 27 (39) | 0.182 | | DM (%) | 48 (40) | 23 (46) | 25 (36) | 0.128 | | AH (%) | 84 (70) | 36 (72) | 48 (69) | 0.746 | | PAD (%) | 22 (18) | 8 (16) | 14 (20) | 0.517 | | HLP (%) | 70 (58) | 27 (54) | 43 (61) | 0.479 | | Therapy, (%) | | | | | | RAAS inhibitors | 120 (100) | 50 (100) | 70 (100) | N/A | | MRA | 83 (69) | 36 (72) | 44 (63) | 0.573 | | β-Blockers | 109 (91) | 43 (86) | 66 (94) | 0.124 | | Diuretics | 80 (67) | 45 (90) | 38 (54) | 0.004 | | Antithrombotic | 83 (69) | 38 (76) | 47 (67) | 0.377 | | Statins | 46 (38) | 18 (36) | 27 (38) | 0.757 | | NT-proBNP (pg/mL) (median (IQR)) | 1967 (731-4352) | 3595 (1817-7436) | 1539 (602-3308) | <0.001 | | Endocan (ng/mL) (median (IQR)) | 3.38 (2.46-4.81) | 4.26 (3.16-6.13) | 3.21 (2.25-4.45) | <0.001 |
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HF: heart failure; LVEF: left ventricle ejection fraction; NYHA class: New York Heart Association class; 6MWT: 6-minute walking test; MLHF: Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire; KI: kidney insufficiency; DM: diabetes mellitus; AH: arterial hypertension; HLP: hyperlipidemia; RAAS inhibitors: renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors; MRA: mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonists; β-blockers: beta blockers; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide.
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