Prediction of Pleural Invasion in Challenging Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Using Serum and Imaging Markers

Table 2

Relationship between serum or imaging markers and pleural invasion.

Markers	Pleural invasion	Nonpleural invasion	OR (95% CI)	value	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	PPV (%)	NPV (%)
SCC value (ng/ml, )			—	0.05^$	—	—	—	—
SCC abnormal	5 (38)	7 (101)	1.90 (0.57, 6.35)	0.30^#	11.63	93.52	41.67	72.66
NSE value (ng/ml, )			—	0.11^$	—	—	—	—
NSE abnormal	19 (24)	34 (74)	1.72 (0.83, 3.56)	0.14^#	44.19	68.52	35.85	75.51
CEA value (ng/ml, )			—	<0.01^$	—	—	—	—
CEA abnormal	32 (11)	27 (81)	8.73 (3.88, 19.65)	<0.01^#	74.42	75.00	54.24	88.04
CYFRA21-1 value (ng/ml, )			—	<0.01^$	—	—	—	—
CYFRA21-1 abnormal	22 (21)	25 (83)	3.53 (1.56, 7.98)	<0.01^#	51.16	76.85	46.81	79.81
Right mid lobe	9 (34)	7 (101)	3.82 (1.32, 11.04)	0.01^#	20.93	93.52	56.25	74.81
Max diameter (mm, )			—	<0.01^$	—	—	—	—
Max diameter	27 (16)	47 (61)	2.19 (1.06, 4.53)	0.03^#	62.79	56.48	36.49	79.22
Pleural fluid	19 (24)	3 (105)	27.71 (7.58, 101.25)	<0.01^#	55.81	2.78	18.60	13.64
Pleural sign	33 (10)	62 (46)	2.45 (1.10, 5.47)	0.03^#	76.74	42.59	34.74	82.14
PET predicted	5 (38)	1 (107)	14.08 (1.59, 124.39)	0.02^#	11.63	99.07	83.33	73.79
Total	43	108	—	—	—	—	—	—

Integer numbers in brackets represent cases with normal value. SCC: squamous cell carcinoma antigen; NSE: neuron-specific enolase; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; CYFRA21-1: cytokeratin 19 fragment; OR: odds ratio; PPV: positive predictive value; NPV: negative predictive value. -test. ^# test or Fisher’s exact test. Max diameter at 23.5 mm cutoff for positivity.