In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of DNA Damage Repair Inhibitor Veliparib in Combination with Artesunate against Echinococcus granulosus

Figure 1

Viable rate of E. granulosus PSCs, activity of alkaline phosphatase in culture supernatant, and TEM analyses of drug-treated in vitro. PSCs were treated with DMSO, Veliparib (10 μM), ABZ (25 μM), AS-L (65 μM), AS-M (130 μM), AS-H (325 μM), and AS-L/M/H+Veliparib (10 μM). (a) Viability was determined through 1% eosin staining. (b) EgALP activity was measured in culture supernatants at different time points. (c) TEM analyses of E.g PSCs and DMSO group showed clear and visible cells, more and neat microtriches protruding from the tegument walls, and a normal germinal layer. mt: microtriches; c: parenchyma cell. Representative micrographs of protoscoleces after treatment with ABZ, AS-L/M/H, and AS-L/M/H+Veliparib on day 4. l: lipid droplets; v: vacuoles; dc: appearance of small vacuoles in the distal cytoplasm; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; V: Veliparib.

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